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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Who should you go to for nutrition info? |
a registered dietition |
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hunger |
physiological drive to eat that is caused by cues such as a drop in glucose level |
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appetite |
psychological drive to eat caused by taste |
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essential nutrients |
-carbohydrates -lipids -protein -vitamins -minerals -water |
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nutritional related risk factors for disease |
-heart disease -cancer -stroke -diabetes |
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Variety |
choosing different foods
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balance |
no over eating a single food
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moderation |
controlled portion size |
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nutrient density |
very high in nutrients not a lot of calories |
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calorie density |
empty calories |
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under nutrition |
intake of nutrients under body's needs |
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over nutrition |
too much nutrients for the body's needs |
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RDA |
recommended dietary allowance |
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AI |
adequate intake |
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UL |
tolerable upper intake level |
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DV |
dietary values |
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EER |
Estimated Energy Requirements |
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What is on the nutrition label? |
product name, manufacturers name, uniform, serving size, amount in the package, ingredients in descending order by weight, |
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Fortified |
adding a vitamin or mineral to a product that did not originally have it |
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enriched |
adding a vitamin or mineral to a product that originally had it but lost it through processing |
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Epithelial Tissue |
composed of cells that cove surface both inside and out of the body- lining of respirtory tract |
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Connective Tissue |
supports and protects the body- stores fat and produces blood cells |
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Muscle Tissue |
designed for movement |
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Nervous Tissue |
found in the brain and spinal cord |
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Cardiovascular System |
responsible for blood circulation |
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Lymphatic System |
contains lymph and immune cells |
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Nervous System |
Regulatory system in the body |
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Endocrine |
secretes regulatory substances (hormones in the body) |
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Immune System |
protects the body against invasion |
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Mouth |
saliva contains amylase (starch digestion enzyme) |
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esophagus |
transportation organ- epiglottis (flap folds down over trachea during swallowing) |
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stomach |
food is mixed with gastric juices |
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stomach acid |
-destroys protein activity -activates digestion enzymes -partially digests protein -assists calcium absorption -makes dietary minerals soluable for digestion |
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Small Intestine |
-chyme is moved through SI by peristalic contractions - villi: fingerlike projections participate in food digestion and absorption |
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Large Intestine |
transports water to rectum to poop |
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Passive Nutrient Absorption |
diffussion of the nutrients across absorption cell membrane |
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Facilitated Nutrient Absorption |
carries proteins to help move nutrients down concentration gradient |
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Active Nutrient Absorption |
carrier of protein and energy used to move nutrients |
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Phagocytosis and Pinocytosis Nutrient Absoprtion |
cell membrane engulfs the nutrients and brings it to the cell |
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Ulcers |
destroys lining of organs |
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Gallstones |
pain in upper right abdomin, removal of gallbladder fixes thisCy |
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Cystic Fibrosis |
will cause impaired digestion |
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Celiac Disease |
having an allergic reaction to gluten |
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Photosynthesis |
plants use energy from the sun to synthesis energy |
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3 types of Monosaccarides |
1. fructose 2. Glucose 3. Galactose |
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Fructose |
fruit sugar
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Glucose |
also known as dextrose, blood sugar, breakdown of starch and sucrose |
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Galactose |
found in milk |
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3 types of disaccarides |
1. sucrose 2. lactose 3. maltose |
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sucrose |
glucose and fructose |
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lactose |
glucose and galactose |
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maltose |
glucose and glucose |
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Condensation Reaction |
molecules bond together and water is formed |
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amylose |
long straigh chain of glucose units |
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amyloceptin |
high branches chain and makes remain 80 percent digestible |
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Glycogens |
storage form of glucose |
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fiber |
mostly made of polysaccarides but chemical bonds that join sugar units do not allow human enzymes to digest it |
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fiber needed |
men- 38 grams women- 25 grams |
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type 1 diabetes |
prone to ketosis that requires insulin therapy |
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type 2 diabetes |
formed characterized by insulin from pancreas, associated with obesity |
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lipids |
diverse group of compounds that do not readily dessolve in water |
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types of lipids |
1. trigylcerides 2. phospholipds 3. sterois |