Follow-Up Questions 1

Front 1

DVT

Back 1

deep vein thrombosis

Front 2

PE

Back 2

pulmonary embolism

Front 3

raloxifene - risk

Back 3

risk for DVT; movement/walking for prevention

Front 4

angioedema - counsel

Back 4

report any swelling of lips, mouth, tongue, face, neck immediately

Front 5

ACEIs - blocking the degradation of bradykinin

Back 5

vasodilatory effect, but also: cough and angioedema

Front 6

Ang II - kidney damage

Back 6

constricts the efferent arterioles to a greater extend than the afferent aterioles > increased perfusion pressure in the glomeruli

Front 7

ACEIs - slow progression of:

Back 7

renal disease with diabetes; hypertension with albuminuria; heart failure

Front 8

ARBs - slow progression of:

Back 8

renal disease with diabetes; hypertension with albuminuria; heart failure

Front 9

hypertension - Na & H2O retention

Back 9

do not routinely use agents that cause Na and H2O retention, like: NSAIDs, COX-2 inhibitors, systemic steroids

Front 10

aldosterone rec. antagonists

Back 10

spironolactone (non-selective, also blocks androgen), eplerenone (selective)

Front 11

hypertension - beta blockers

Back 11

recommended first-line, with: S/P MI, HF, and others...

Front 12

S/P

Back 12

status post

Front 13

ISA

Back 13

intrinsic sympathomimetic activity

Front 14

beta blockers with ISA

Back 14

partial agonists + antagonists, contraindicated in S/P MI; CAPP: carteolol,acebutolol, penbutolol, pindolol

Front 15

CVD

Back 15

Cardiovascular disease, the class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels

Front 16

s/sxs

Back 16

signs & symptoms

Front 17

beta-1 selective blockers

Back 17

AMEBBA - Atenolol, Metoprolol, Esmolol, Bisoprolol, Betaxolol, Acebutolol

Front 18

ranolazine

Back 18

Ranexa, new agent for treatement of angina due to ischemic disease; reduces myocardial contractility ( and oxygen demand) by blocking the late sodium current

Front 19

ablation

Back 19

"fry off nerve in heart" against arrythmias; Cardiac ablation is a procedure that is used to scar small areas in your heart that may be involved in your heart rhythm problems. This can prevent the abnormal electrical signals or rhythms from moving through the heart.During the procedure, small wires called electrodes are placed inside your heart to measure your heart's electrical activity. When the source of the problem is found, the tissue causing the problem is destroyed.

Front 20

beta-blockers

Back 20

decrease HR, decrease BP, decrease myocardial contractility, decrease myocardial oxygen demand

Front 21

metoprolol IR - food

Back 21

with food

Front 22

atenolol

Back 22

pregnancy factor D

Front 23

metoprolol IV-PO

Back 23

IV 1: PO 2.5

Front 24

beta-1 blocker with NO dependent vasodilation

Back 24

nebivolol (Bystolic)

Front 25

clonidine - patch

Back 25

for 1 week; alpha-2 agonist

Front 26

drugs with OROS systems

Back 26

Adalat, Procardia (Nifedipine); Covera (verapamil); Cardura XL (Doxazosin)

Front 27

CAD

Back 27

coronary atery disease; (equals ischemic heart disease?)

Front 28

HR

Back 28

heart rate

Front 29

Atacand

Back 29

candesartan

Front 30

Ranexa

Back 30

ranolazine

Front 31

Lotrel

Back 31

Benazepril + Amlodipine

Front 32

Lotensin

Back 32

Benazepril

Front 33

Exforge

Back 33

Valsartan + Amlodipine

Front 34

SIHD

Back 34

silent ischemia heart disease

Front 35

unsaturated fatty acids

Back 35

have double bonds > more space when lining up for membranes: "good"; in: olives, nuts, seeds; turn "bad" when heated and cis-position turns into trans-position (margerine)

Front 36

saturated fatty acids

Back 36

have NO double bonds > line up/ stack stiff for membranes: "not good"; in: animal products

Front 37

silent ischemia

Back 37

objective documentation of myocardial ischemia in the absence of angina or anginal equivalents; ischemia with no pain, no sign for patient

Front 38

ASCVD

Back 38

atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Front 39

Plavix

Back 39

Clopidogrel; a prodrug; metabolized by CYP2C19; targets: P2Y12

Front 40

Aspirin

Back 40

ASS in 81 mg (1 TAB) or 162 mg (2TAB); adverse effects: nausea, depression, heartburn; OTOTOXICITY > tinnitus!

Front 41

Brilinta

Back 41

ticagrelor; a platelet aggregation inhibitor

Front 42

Effient

Back 42

prasugrel, antiplatelet drug; irreversibly binding to P2Y12 receptors, (more effective than clopidogrel)

Front 43

C/V

Back 43

cardio vascular

Front 44

PUD

Back 44

peptic ulcer disease; break in the lining of the stomach, first part of the small intestine, or occasionally the lower esophagus

Front 45

ICH

Back 45

intracerebral hemorrhage; a type of intracranial hemorrhage that occurs within the brain tissue. It can be caused by brain trauma, or it can occur spontaneously in hemorrhagic stroke.

Front 46

CYP2C19 inhibitors

Back 46

omeprazole, esomeprazole

Front 47

Hgb

Back 47

hemoglobin; the main functional constituent of the red blood cell, serving as the oxygen-carrying protein;

Front 48

Hct

Back 48

hematocrit; measures how much space in the blood is occupied by red blood cells. It is useful when evaluating a person for anemia.

Front 49

PAH

Back 49

Pulmonary arterial hypertension, a condition of elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary artery

Front 50

Adempas

Back 50

Riociguat; a stimulator of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC);

Front 51

syncope (syn co pee)

Back 51

fainting, passing out and swooning, is defined as a short loss of consciousness and muscle strength, characterized by a fast onset, short duration, and spontaneous recovery. It is due to a decrease in blood flow to the entire brain usually from low blood pressure.

Front 52

simvastatin - bad adverse effect

Back 52

Rabdomiolysis; max 40mg/day; Zocor

Front 53

Rabdomiolysis

Back 53

damaged skeletal striated muscle breaks down rapidly. Breakdown products e.g. myoglobin, are harmful to the kidneys and may lead to kidney failure. The severity of the symptoms: muscle pains, vomiting, and confusion, depends on the extent of muscle damage and whether kidney failure develops

Front 54

Zocor

Back 54

Simvastatin; Rabdomiolysis; max 40mg/day