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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Virchow's triad helps dx?
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thrombosis (DVT, PE)
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How can DM worsen HTN?
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DM (hyper
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How does tamoxifen work? What is it used for?
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- selective E receptor modulator; antagonizes receptors in breast, but not uterus
- prevents breast CA - but may have small risk for endometrial cancer |
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benzos not to Rx in elderly, or use with extreme caution?
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clonazepam and valium - long-acting
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Sxs of SSRI withdrawal
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jitteriness, nausea, sleep disturbance
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when does preeclampsia usually occur in pregnancy?
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20th week
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HELLP syndrome
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Hemolysis
Elevated liver enzymes Low platelets (thrombocytopenia) |
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most common vitamin deficiency in USA
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folic acid deficiency
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normal pregnancy beta-hCG at 6-10 weeks
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>= 40,000 IU/m, increasing
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ectopic pregnancy beta-hCG at 6-10 weeks
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only 1000-6000 IU/m, not increasing
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Quad screen includes
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AFP
unconjugated estriol hCG inhibin-A |
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How is quad screen abnormal in Trisomy 21?
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AFP low
hCG high unconjugated estriol low Inhibin-A high |
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Name some pregnancy category D drugs
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gentamicin, ACI, ARB, Tekturner, Ibuprofen, tetracycline, minocycline, doxy, paroxetine
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med to give for abortion
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methotrexate
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chemical for satiety
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serotonin
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how are BB and vasoconstricting meds pose a risk for heat stroke?
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decrease adrenergic (sympathetic) activity, thereby decreasing cardiac output
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causes of elevated lipase that are NOT pancreatic-related.
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renal failure
perforated duodenal ulcer bowel obstruction bowel infarction |
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Someone with very very high TGs and fairly high LDLs. What do you treat?
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very very high TGs (>500) bc worry about pancreatitis
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LVH shows what EKG abnormality?
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high R waves
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What signs are usually absent in a sick child (but may be present in an adult)?
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hypotension, cool skin, stiff neck
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fluid in middle ear, looks noninfected
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OM c effusion
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Tx for AOM for pt with PCN-allergy (rash)
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cefdinir, cefuroxime, cefpodoxime
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Sick child, feverish, vomitted. Must r/o what?
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sepsis, which the best indicator of sepsis in children
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HCTZ-induced electrolyte imbalance
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low K
low Na low Mg High Ca (calcium-sparing) |
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lasix-induced electrolyte imbalance
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low K
low Na low Mg low Ca |
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Leads showing LATERAL MI
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I, aVL
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Leads showing INFERIOR MI
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II, III, aVF
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Leads showing ANTERIOR MI
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V leads (precordial leads), or V3 and V4
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Crohn's disease usually occurs where in bowels?
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upper bowels (malabsorption syndrome), where rectum is usually spared
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Rovsing sign
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rebound tender on other side (lower left quadrant) of appendicitis
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syphilitic skins lesions may be confused with what other skin disorder?
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pityriasis rosea (with herald patch)
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Lachman's test
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Stabilize thigh with one hand, and other hand grasp tibia and pull anteriorly (while pt lies supine with knee bent 30 degrees).
Tests for knee instability is positive (indicating a torn ACL) when the lower leg slides farther forward from the femur (thighbone) than it is supposed to. |
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How do synovial aspirate differ in OA vs. RA?
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OA - normal clear yellow
RA - WBCs present, inflammatory changes |
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Tx for syphilis, allergy to PCN.
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Doxy or tetracycline
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Tx for PID
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ofloxacin (or levaquin) with metronidazole
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strawberry patches on cervix and vagina
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trichomonas
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believed cause of prostate CA
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high fat diet
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UTI antibiotics for pregnant women
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nitrofurantoin, amoxicillin
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labs for unknown cause of uterine bleeding
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CBC, UA, TSH, prolactine, hCG, pap, STD testing
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folic acid is vitamin B__?
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B9
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active TB tx regimen.
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RIPE:
Rifampin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol |
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high WBC
high bilirubin high AST, ALT high LDH high amylase abdominal pain |
diverticulitis
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IBD
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inflam bowel dz = contains ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease
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which part of bowels does ulcerative colitis affect?
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always the rectum then extends upward
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barium enema xray shows loss of haustra ("lead pipe" appearance).
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ulcerative colitis
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Tx for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease
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same treatment:
- 5-ASA / MESALAMINE - SULFASALAZINE (a derivative of mesalamine) - CORTICOSTEROIDS - immunosuppressants for refractory cases. |
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Hypertensive urgency
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SBP>220
DBP>120 |
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Hypertensive emergency
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DBP>130
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First-line anti-hypertensive in African Americans, recommended by JNC7 and influenced by ALLHAT study.
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thiazide diuretic
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acute inflammatory reaction secondary to knee injury. how do you prevent deformity and maintain function of knee?
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total immobilization of joint and performance of isometric exercises
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normal auscultation sounds of abdominal pulsation is high or low pitch?
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low pitch
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early signs of glomerulonephritis in child
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periorbital edema and hematuria
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sleep walking in children is a/w
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immaturity of CNS
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Harlequin sign
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sharp line of demarcation dividing upper and lower parts of body while infant lying on side (dependent half is pink, and superior half is pale).
- immature autonomic regulatory system |
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8 yo boy with constipation. Tell mom to increase diet with fiber and decrease consumption of what?
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dairy products
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cholesterol guidelines suggests cholesterol testing for a child if?
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if either biological parents has cholesterol level of 240 mg/dl or higher.
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