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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

A document giving one person the authority to act for another, typically the power to vote shares of common stock.

Proxy

An attempt by a person or group to gain control of a firm by getting its stockholders to grant that person or group the authority to vote its shares to replace the current management.

Proxy fight

An action whereby a person or group succeeds in ousting a firm’s management and taking control of the company.

Takeover

A provision in the corporate charter or bylaws that gives common stockholders the right to purchase on a pro rata basis new issues of common stock (or convertible securities).

Preemtive right

Common stock that is given a special designation such as Class A or Class B to meet special needs of the company.

Classified stock

Stock owned by the firm’s founders that enables them to maintain control over the company without having to own a majority of stock.

Founders shares

A representative investor whose actions reflect the beliefs of those people who are currently trading a stock. It is the marginal investor who determines a stock’s price.

Marginal investor

The price at which a stock sells in the market.

Market price,po

The expected rate of growth in dividends per share.

Growth rate, g

The minimum rate of return on a common stock that a stockholder considers acceptable.

Required Rate of Return,rs

The rate of return on a common stock that a stockholder expects to receive in the future.

Expected rate of return

The rate of return on a common stock actually received by stockholders in some past period; rs may be greater or less than ^ rs and/or rs.

Actual (Realized) Rate of Return, rs

The expected dividend divided by the current price of a share of stock.

Dividend Yield

The capital gain during a given year divided by the beginning price.

Capital Gains Yield

The sum of the expected dividend yield and the expected capital gains yield.

Expected Total Return

Used to find the value of a constant growth stock

Constant Growth (Gordon) Model

A common stock whose future dividends are not expected to grow at all; that is, g = 0.

Zero Growth Stock

The part of the firm’s life cycle in which it grows much faster than the economy as a whole.

Supernormal (Nonconstant) Growth

The date when the growth rate becomes constant. At this date, it is no longer necessary to forecast the individual dividends.

Horizon (Terminal) Date

The value at the horizon date of all dividends expected thereafter.

Horizon (Continuing) Value

A valuation model used as an alternative to the discounted dividend model to determine a firm’s value, especially one with no history of dividends, or the value of a division of a larger firm.

Corporate Valuation Model