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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Epiglottis
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Prevents the food from going into the trachea, it covers the opening to trachea when food is swallowed
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Larynx
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enlarged, oval-shaped region cranial to the trachea that contains the vocal cords
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Trachea
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tube extending from the larynx to the lungs through which air is transported during respiration
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Esophagus
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Muscular passage way that connects the mouth and oral cavity to stomach (lies beneath trachea)
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Thyroid gland
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produces hormones that regulate metabolism and growth located on the ventral surface of the trachea just caudal to the larynx; produces thyroxine and calcitonin.
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Lungs
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receives oxygen (good air) and expels carbon dioxide (depleted air).
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Heart
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pumps blood to the whole body
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Diaphragm
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under the lungs, muscular sheet separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities; allows the thoracic cavity to expand and compress drawing in fresh air when expanding and expelling stale air with each compression.
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Liver
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the largest organ in abdominal region, produces bile which is stored in gall bladder, converts glucose to glycogen for storage, detoxifies, absorbed digested compounds
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gall bladder
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located on the underside of the liver, stores bile and releases it into the duodenum.
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stomach
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Produces hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen, which aid in the chemical breakdown of food
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pancreas
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Produces digestive enzymes and delivers them through the pancreatic duct to the duodenum, secretes insulin
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Common bile duct
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Transports bile from the gallbladder to the duodenum
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Duodenum
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Receives chyme from the stomach along with bile and digestive enzymes from the gallbladder and pancreas, first section of the small intestine
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Jejunum
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middle portion of the small intestine extending from the duodenum to the ileum; primarily responsible for nutrient absorption.
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Ileum
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the third portion of the small intestine extending from the jejunum to the cecum; primarily responsible for absorption of nutrients.
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Kidneys
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bean shaped organs on either side of spine, filters the blood creating a highly-concentrated metabolic by-product (urine), also responsible for maintaining a homeostatic balance of salts, fluids, and ions within the body (osmoregulation)
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Ureters
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connects kidney to bladder
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Urinary Bladder
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stores urine until it is eliminated from the body through the urogenital opening
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Urethra
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(Male)Receives seminal secretions from testes and accessory glands; also drains excretory products from urinary bladder. (Female) Drains excretory products from urinary bladder (no reproductive function in females)
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Renal Arteries
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carry blood into kidneys
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Renal Veins
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carry blood out of kidneys
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Ovaries
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paired female gonads located caudal to the kidneys, produces eggs and sex hormones in females
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oviducts
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passage from the ovaries to the uterus, receives egg at ovulation; site of fertilization
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Uterus
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uterine body and uterine horns –where implantation of the embryos occur and extends into the cervix (junction between uterus and vagina
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Vagina
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from the cervix – serves as part of the birth canal
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Urogenital opening
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opening of the urethra (in males) or the urogenital sinus (in females) through which urine passes as it is eliminated from the body
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Scrotum
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pouch extending from the caudal region of the male that contains the testes. Allows the temperature of the testes to be maintained at a lower temperature than the abdominal cavity
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Testes
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found between the base of the kidneys and the scrotal sacs, where sperm and sex hormones in males is produced
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Penis
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eliminates urine from the body and transfers semen into female reproductive tract
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Bulbourethral glands
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lie on each side of urethra these glands produce alkaline secretions that assist in lubrication during intercourse and also aid in neutralizing vaginal acidity
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Ventricle, left & right
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chamber of the heart that pumps blood out of the heart into an artery
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Atrium, left & right
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chamber of the heart that receives blood
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Coronary Arteries
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one of several small arteries located on the surface of the heart that supply freshly-oxygenated blood to the tissue of the heart.
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cranial vena cava
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vein returning deoxygenated blood from the upper part of the body to the right atrium of the heart
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caudal vena cava
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vein returning deoxygenated blood from the lower part of the body to the right atrium of the heart
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Auricle
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flap-like, outer region covering the cranial portion of each atrium.
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pulmonary artery
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carries deoygenated blood from right ventricle of the heart to the lungs
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Pulmonary veins
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carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart
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aorta
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carries blood from the left ventricle to the body
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Ductus arteriosus
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short connection joining the pulmonary trunk with the aorta and allowing a portion of the blood from the pulmonary trunk to enter the aorta instead of flowing to the lungs; present only during fetal development.
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Brachiocephalic vein & trunk (artery)
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major branch of the aorta that supplies blood to the head and upper trunk region of the body.
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Subclavian vein & arteries
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dumps blood directly into the brachiocephalic vein. (which carries blood to the forelimb and upper portion of the body)
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Subscapular vein
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subscapular vein and the axillary vein, both leading from the arm pit, come together to form the subclavian vein
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external & internal jugular vein
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lead from the neck region down into the vena cava, along with the internal jugular veins running medially alongside the trachea from the head toward the heart
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common carotid artery
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carry blood to the head and brain
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External iliac veins & arteries
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vessels become the femoral veins and arteries supply and receive blood from the legs.
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hepatic portal vein
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carries blood from the small intestines and pancreas to the liver, where it is filtered before returning to the rest of the body
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umbilical arteries
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carry blood from the fetus to the placenta
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umbilical vein
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carries oxygen and nutrient rich blood to the fetus from the fetal side of the placenta
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spleen
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stores new red blood cells ,blood, recycles worn-out red blood cells, and produces lymphocytes.
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anus
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opening of the rectum through which undigested food particles (feces) are eliminated from the body.
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Genital papilla
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small, fleshy projection next to the urogenital opening of the female fetus
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Mammary papilla
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In females, these will develop into the mammary glands and will be used to secrete milk during lactation for the newborn young
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Umbilical cord
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attachment between the maternal placenta and the fetus through which gases, nutrients, and nitrogenous wastes are transported during embryonic development.
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Mandibular gland
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salivary gland in mammals that releases fluids into the mouth to facilitate swallowing and digestion
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Hard palate
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bony plate separating the rostral portion of the oral cavity from the nasopharynx in mammals. Roof of the mouth
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Parotid gland
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large, prominent salivary gland located beneath the skin near each ear of the pig. produce secretions that combine in the mouth to produce saliva
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Soft palate
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cartilaginous region of the roof of the mouth that separates the oral cavity from the nasal passageway; located toward the back of the mouth.
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Sublingual gland
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salivary gland located underneath the skin and alongside the tongue of the pig
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Cecum
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Small, blind-ended out-pocket demarcating the beginning of the large intestine that has no function in carnivores and omnivores , also known as the appendix.
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Colon
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Responsible for reabsorption of water and electrolytes; transports feces to the rectum by peristalsis, broken into three sections ascending colon, the transverse colon, and the descending colon, also known as the large intestine
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Rectum
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Final site of water reabsorption and feces dehydration, last section of the large intestine
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pinnae |
ears |
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vibrissae |
whiskers |
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digits |
hooves |
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pharynx |
tube-like structure that connects oral and nasal cavities to the larynx; provides passageway for respiratory and digestive tracts |