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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Statistics Definition
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1) Collecting Data
2) Organizing Data 3) Summarizing Data 4) Analyzing Data |
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Areas of Statistics
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1) Sampling Statistics- Collecting
2) Descriptive Statistics- Organizing & Summarizing 3) Inferential Statistics- Analyzing 4) Statistical Methods- Combinations of descriptive and inferential |
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Basic Sampling Techniques
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1) Simple Random Sample
2) Stratified Sample 3) Systematic Sample 4) Cluster Sample |
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Classes of Data
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1) Constant
2) Variable 3) Random Variable |
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Types of Data
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1) Qualitative
2) Quantitative { Discrete & Continuous |
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Identifying Type of Data
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1) Pick two data points
2) Can they be ordered (Quan vs Qual) 3) Countable number between variables (Cont vs. Dis) |
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Types of Studies
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1) Census
2) Observational 3) Experimental Design { Independent & Dependent |
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Qualitative Graph Types
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1) Bar Chart
2) Pareto Chart 3) Pie Chart |
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Frequency Table Columns
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1) Category
2) Frequency 3) Relative Frequency 4) Cumulative Frequency 5) Cumulative Relative Frequency |
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Distribution
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1) Shape (i.e. normal)
2) Location (i.e. average) 3) Spread (i.e. standard deviation) |
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Grouping Continuous Data into Classes
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1) Decide on the number of intervals (5-20)
2) Find the width of each intervals (range/# of int) 3) Select the starting point (usually the min) 4) Make remaining intervals equidistant from starting point with equal width, adjacent, not overlapping, convenient end points |
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Graphing data methods for Discrete Data
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1) Frequency Table
2) Histogram |
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Graphing data methods for Continuous Data
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1) Frequency Table
2) Histogram 3) Stem-and-Leaf Plot |
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Distribution Shapes
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1) Symmetric
2) Skewed Left 3) Skewed Right 4) Uniform 5) Bimodal |
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Location Summary Numbers
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1) Mean
2) Median 3) Mode |
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Spread Summary Numbers
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1) Range
2) Variance 3) Standard Deviation |
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Association Summary Numbers
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1) Correlation
2) Least-squares regression |
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Adv/Disadv of Mean
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Adv: Easy to understand; useful for all data
Dis: Not resitant |
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Adv/Disadv of Median
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Adv: Resistant
Dis: Only uses position data |
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Adv/Disadv of Mode
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Adv: Easy to find
Dis: Not unique/only uses part of data |
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Adv/Disadv of Range
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Adv: Easy to calculate
Dis: Not resistant |
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Adv/Disadv of Interquartile Range
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Adv: Resistant version of range
Dis: Only gives spread of middle 50% |
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Adv/Disadv of Variance
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Adv: The best estimator of spread
Dis: Uses different units of measure than the mean |