Experimental Design

Front 1

one-way designs

Back 1

experimental designs in which only one independent variable is manipulated.

Front 2

two-group experimental design

Back 2

there are only two levels of the independent variable.

Front 3

randomized groups design

Back 3

between subjects design in which participants are randomly assigned to one of two or more conditions.

Front 4

matched-subjects design

Back 4

participants are matched into blocks on the basis of a variable the researcher believe relevant to the experiment then randomly assigned to one of the experimental or control conditions.

Front 5

repeated measures

Back 5

each participant serves in all experimental conditions.

Front 6

Posttest-only design

Back 6

the dependent variable is measured only after the experimental manipulation has occurred.

Front 7

pretest-posttest design

Back 7

researchers measure the dependent variable twice - once before the independent variable is manipulated and again afterward.

Front 8

pretest sensitization

Back 8

the situation that occurs when completing a pretest affects participants' responses on the posttest.

Front 9

Method of agreement

Back 9

If X, then Y
X is a sufficient condition of Y

Front 10

Method of difference

Back 10

If not-X, then not-Y
X is a necessary condition of Y

Front 11

Between-subjects comparison

Back 11

Refers to a contrast between groups of participants who were randomly assigned to groups.

Front 12

Between Subjects Factorial Designs

Back 12

A research design in which all independent variables are between subjects

Each participant is exposed to only one level of each independent variable

Front 13

Within Subjects Factorial Designs

Back 13

A research design in which all independent variables are within subjects

Each participant is exposed to all levels of each independent variable

Front 14

Mixed Subjects Factorial Designs

Back 14

A research design in which not all of the independent variables are one type

One or more independent variables are between subjects and one or more independent variables are within subjects

Front 15

Factorial design

Back 15

At least two between participant factors with two or more levels each

Front 16

Randomized groups factorial design

Back 16

participants are assigned randomly to one of the possible combinations of the independent variables

Front 17

Matched groups factorial design

Back 17

participants are first matched into blocks on the basis of some variable that correlates with the dependent variable. The participants in each block are then randomly assigned to one of the experimental conditions.

Front 18

Repeated measures factorial design

Back 18

each participant participates in every experimental condition

Front 19

Mixed factorial design

Back 19

participants are randomly assigned to only one level of some independent variable(s) but receive every level of other independent variable(s); also called a between-within design

Front 20

main effects

Back 20

an independent variable is the effect of that independent variable while ignoring the effects of all other independent variables in the design.

Front 21

interaction

Back 21

occurs when the effect of one independent variable differs across the levels of another independent variable.

Front 22

Expericorr factorial designs

Back 22

are designs that include both independent variables (that are manipulated) and participant variables (that are measured).

Front 23

Median-split procedure

Back 23

participants who score below the median on the participant variable are classified as low, and participants scoring above the median are classified as high

Front 24

Extreme groups procedure

Back 24

use only participants who score very high or low on the participant variable (such as lowest and highest 25%)