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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Wendell stanley |
Crystallized tobacco mosaic virus(TMV) |
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Violet light |
Improves resolution due to shorter wavelength |
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ATP and proton motive force can be considered equivalent because |
Proton motive force synthesizes ATP |
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Folic acid functions as a coenzyme for which process |
Synthesis of purines |
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Which type of enzymes do plasmids encode |
Antibiotic resistance |
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Bacterial cell wall |
Prevents the cell from swelling and rupturing |
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Chemoautotrophs |
Use CO2 as a carbon source and Inorganic nitrates as energy source |
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Phenotype is |
Expressed properties |
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Prokaryotic flagella |
Move by rotation |
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Eukaryote flagella |
Move by wave or ripple action |
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Protozoa |
Eukaryote, unicellular, move by cilia or flagella, chemoorganotrophic |
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Antigenic shift in influenza |
Changes Protein composition of the spikes |
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When a competitive inhibitor binds to an enzyme |
Reaction rate increases by increasing substrate concentration |
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Lytic and lysogenic cycles of bacteriophages differ |
In their ability to exist as prophage in host cell |
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Vegetative cells |
Are killed at temps above 70 degrees celcius |
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Bacterial endospores |
Survive 100 degree celcius |
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Filtration |
Used to separate bacteria from suspending liquid |
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Which substances kill microorganisms by replacing the hydrogen of carboxyl, sulfhydryl, or amino groups |
Aldehydes |
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Strength of UV rays used in lamps to sterilize surfaces |
260 mm |
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Vancomycin |
Inhibits cell wall synthesis |
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Filtration |
Most practical for heat sensitive solution of vitamins because it allows only smaller size particles to be removed |
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Antimicrobial agent that has mode of action most like vancomycin |
Cephalothin (both inhibit cell wall synthesis) |
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Which agent inhibits replication of bacterial DNA by inducing formation of thymine dimers |
UV light |
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Tetracyclines |
Inhibit translation |
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What antigens elicit an antibody response in humans |
Numerous different antigenic determinants |
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IgA |
Antibody isotope that contains secretory component and can transport across membranes |
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IgE |
Attaches to mast cells |
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IgG |
No secretory component, passes through blood vessels and placenta |
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IgM |
5 monomers bound by a J Chain |
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Type O blood |
Anti-A and anti-B antibodies, lacks A and B antigens |
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Vaccines |
Artificial, active immunity |
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Neutrophils |
Most actively phagocytic |
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Basophils |
Release antihistamines |
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Lymphocytes |
Produce antibodies |
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Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN/segmented neutrophils) |
Migrate to site of infection |
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Streptokinase |
Enzyme produced by strep that destroys clots allowing organism to spread |
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Hemolytic reaction in newborns |
Mom is Rh neg and baby Rh positive |
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A gram positive bacterium is exposed to enzyme lysozyme |
Lysozyme will degrade the mucopeptide layer of the cell wall causing lyse |
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Lysozyme |
Catalyzes the hydolysyis of gram positive bacteria |
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Clostridium |
Neurotoxin that can cause double vision, dizziness and muscle paralysis |
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HIV transmission to newborns |
Detected through PCR because IgG antibody production is delayed |
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Zidovudine |
Blocks DNA synthesis in AIDS |
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Diphtheria toxin |
Produced when bacteria are infected by lysogenic phage carrying the tox gene |
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Giardiasis |
Assosiated with untreated water (streams) |
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Clostridium perfringens |
Produces enxzymes that degrade protein leading to gas gangrene |
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Gummas |
Tumors associated with syphilis |
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Chlamydia |
Obligate intercellular planctomycete |
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Phosphate and nitrogen |
Increases rate of bioremediation in oil spills |
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Sedimentation |
Primary treatment of sewage |
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Oil degrading bacteria |
Heterotrophs that oxidize oil as a source of carbon and energy |
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Sugar |
Induces plasmolyzation of bacteria by binding with water |
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Penicillin |
Bacterial my synthesized secondary metabolite |