Exam 3 - Intro To Professional Nursing

Front 1

Define Acute illness vs Chronic illness (w/examples)

Back 1

-acute: severe symptoms short lived (sudden onset, subside quickly, can lead to chronic) Common cold, appendicitus
-chronic: gradual development long lived (requires med attn, maybe for entire life); diabetes, HTN, parkinson

Front 2

Explain the five stages of illness: I: Disbelief and Denial, II: Irritability and Anger, III Attempting to gain control, IV: Depression and Despair, V: Acceptance and Participation

Back 2

-defense mech to avoid anxiety and fear -body is not performing like it should>>anger -seek treatment,(OTC, doctor, remedy) maybe further denial -mood from altered lifestyle, wellbeing, discomfort -reality acknowledged, participate in treatment

Front 3

Identify the traditional sick role as theorized by Talcott Parons (5). Thus sick role behavior is? (3)

Back 3

-exempt from social responsibility, not expected to care for self, should want to get well, should seek medical advice, should cooperate with med experts -dependent, passive, submissive

Front 4

Personality Characteristics: explain Hardiness, Resilience

Back 4

-function of resistance to stressful life events(can better manage and have less illness)
-pattern of successful adaptation despite challenging or threatening circumstances (temperament, cognitive style, personality, support factors)

Front 5

What is cultural competence? Give the six possible problems that can compromise nursing care?

Back 5

-knowledge about cultural influence that u can use to plan appropriate approaches -stereotyping, communication difficulty, personal space, different roles/expectation, enthopharmacological consideration, ethnocentrism (view own culture as superior)

Front 6

What is moral distress? (example)

Back 6

-pain or anguish affecting mind, body, relationships in response an awareness of a moral problem (infant life support, nurse knows baby will die, but parents want to continue)

Front 7

If personal values are in conflict with professional values, what should be kept in mind? If you can't cope?

Back 7

-professional ethics should outweigh personal ethics no matter what. - find work where your ethics isn't challenged

Front 8

Explain each of the following ethical principes: Autonomy, Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Justice, Fidelity, Veracity

Back 8

-individual determines and has freedom to decide their own actions -promoting good for others -prevent or avoid doing harm (unintent/intent) -treat clients fairly without regard to age, SES, etc. -faithful to commitments (confidentiality, trust, whistle blow, promises) -telling truth, not lying or withholding.

Front 9

Explain the following: Government agencies(4), not-for profit(4), profit health (examples? (5)

Back 9

-focus on health of all US citizens, research, funding health care training, community programs -use profits to pay personnel, improve/advertise service, educational programs, contribute to mission statement
-distribute profits to partners or shareholders home healthcare, hospital, specialty clinics, heart hospitals, and rehab centers

Front 10

What is medicare? medicaid? Which agency directs these types of healthcare?

Back 10

-federal health insurance program for people over 65, regardless of income (also some disabled)
-federal-state programs for low income, elder, blind, and disabled -Federal government(social security act)

Front 11

Explain the following nursing care delivery models: Functional nursing, team nursing, primary nursing,

Back 11

-organized and distributing tasks of available staff(1950s, unprofessional) -nursing teams w/staff of different skill levels delegated to certain patients(RN, LVN, CNA) -identified nurse for every patient during hospital stay for consistent care(CCU, burn unit)

Front 12

Explain the following nursing care delivery models:case management nursing, patient centered care

Back 12

-improve cost effective pt care, oversee pt care and manage delivery of svcs
-pt's right to individualized care through team of professionals, pt's need priority over institution.

Front 13

What is primary care services? Secondary? Tertiary?

Back 13

-pt first enters health care in providers office/clinic (dr office, ER, community health, outpatient) -prevention of complications from disease including medical intervention/hospitilization(skilled nursing, ambulatory care)
-referral centers for acutely ill patients requiring long term care(rehab) (trauma, burn center, pedi hospital)

Front 14

Explain the following roles and responsibilities: Chief Nursing Officer, Chief of Staff, CEO

Back 14

-broad decision making for organization, responsible for overseeing all nursing care in institution
-works with CEO and admin to make decisions about med policy and physician discipline, rotated elected position as head doctor
-responsible for overall operation on daily basis (runs efficiently, cost effective, carry out policies)

Front 15

What is the purpose of quality departments? Explain functions of Accreditation of health care agencies, Improvement programs

Back 15

-ensure maintenance of quality standards.
-makes sure hospitals adhere to standards (joint commision, HFAP)
-internal strategy to work toward improvement in patient outcomes, responsibilities for outside agencies, establish procedures for ensuring quality outcomes

Front 16

Define health care disparities? Give examples. How can disparities be enforced?

Back 16

-differences in quality of health care provided to different populations -ethnic disparities, gender, age, income, education, etc. -civil rights law, courts, legsilature

Front 17

Describe the patient advocate role of the nurse?

Back 17

-cut through levels of bureaucracy of health care orgs and stand up for patient rights for their best interest(I.e- patients see family for 10 minutes each hour in hospital)

Front 18

What is the estimated cost of health care as of 2007? How does the nurse manage health care costs?

Back 18

-2.2 trillion(16% gross domestic product), -become cost conscious (equipment/disposable used in clinic), promote cost by providing excellent care, advocate for pt financial needs

Front 19

What are some other ways nurse can cut costs?

Back 19

-question repeat/unneeded lab results, suggest generic drug names, teach health, prevent infections, prevent falls, use evidence based

Front 20

Explain the theories of the following Grand theorists: Imogene King, Dorothea Orem, Sister Callista Roy

Back 20

-interacting systems, goal attainment: focuses on persons, their interpersonal relationships and social contexts
-Self care model: three interrelated theories: self care, self care deficit, theory of nursing system (pts want to be in control of care
-Adaptation model: focus on individual as biophsychosocial adaptive system(human adaptive coping), need to alter environment

Front 21

Define theory, constructs, and concepts

Back 21

-identify and express key ideas about essence of practice;abstract/specific; grand, middle, practice
-unmeasurable abstractions need to be broken down into concepts (self care, behavior, pain)
-word expressing mental image or phenomenon (describes exact idea, pain intensity, weight, self-esteem)