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121 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the accumulation of positive or negative charges on insulators or conductors? |
Static Electricity |
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What are the two types of ESD failures? |
Intermittent/Upset, Catastrophic |
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What is the simple theory of ESD control? |
No charge, no discharge |
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ESD occurs through on/off switches, mishandling of components, and between what type of materials? |
Materials kept at different potentials |
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What are the 4 principles of ESD control? |
1 Design Products immune from effects of ESD 2 Eliminate or reduce the generation and accumulation of electrostatic discharges 3 Protect components by using proper packing and transportation 4 Dissipate or neutralize electrostatic charges with proper grounding and use of conductive or dissipative materials |
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What is the most important and first step taken for controlling ESD during troubleshooting? |
Use of antistatic wrist straps |
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What provides an electrical connection between the wearers skin and the ground? |
Wrist Strap |
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What material are grounded wrist straps made of? |
Conductive material |
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What is the resistor value that is in series with the strap to ground? |
One megohm |
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How should the wrist strap be worn? |
In contact with the skin |
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Why does a wrist strap have a quick release mechanism? |
To release in emergencies |
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What are the 3 most common kinds of wrist strap cuffs? |
Elastic adjustable, metal expansion, hook and loop |
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If a wrist strap fails the resistance check during testing, what should be done next? |
Must replace the faulty component and retest the strap before use |
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Since wrist straps do not protect from electric shock, when should you not use a wrist strap? |
When power is applied to the equipment or cabinet |
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What are hand-held test tools used to test and troubleshoot cables within a LAN including twisted pair and coaxial cables? |
LAN Cable testers |
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What does the "wake up" button do on the LAN test tool? |
Controls the display backlight |
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What is the only exception to never connecting the LAN test tool to an active network? |
Except when monitoring network activity |
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Which mode allows TDR analyzer tests? |
Single Test |
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What is attenuation? |
Decrease in signal strength over the length of a cable |
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What is the undesirable signal transmission from one cable pair to another nearby pair? |
Crosstalk |
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What is the most common cause of cable faults? |
Poor cable connections |
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What can a multimeter be used as? |
Voltmeter, ammeter, ohmmeter |
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What does the blue digital shift button do on a multimeter? |
Shift between functions |
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Where is the range switch located on an analog multimeter? |
Lower center |
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What does the hold button do on a multimeter? |
Freezes the present reading on the display |
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Which button zeros the display and stores the present reading to find the difference between it and a second reading on a multimeter? |
Relative mode button |
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What must you you first do with a shorting probe when testing resistance, continuity, diodes, or capacitance with a multimeter? |
Attach leads to the multimeter |
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Which type of measurement are you going to use the A/mA/COM ports on a multimeter? |
Current |
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What can lead to a multimeter blowing its fuse? |
Place the probes across a powered circuit when a lead is plugged into the A or mA |
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What is the apparent displacement of an object caused by a change in the position from which it is viewed, or the apparent shift in the position of a foreground object relative to background objects due to the motion of the observer? |
Parallax |
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In what order do you attach the probes to a test point when taking measurements with a multimeter? |
Black probe to common, red to test point |
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How is voltage measured across a circuit with a multimeter> |
Across the circuit in parallel |
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When measuring voltage or current with a multimeter, what do you do just prior to energizing the circuit? |
Attach the probes to the test points |
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What must you do to the circuit under the test when measuring current with a multimeter? |
Open the circuit |
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What must be done to a diode before testing with a multimeter? |
Electrically isolated |
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What must be done specifically with the probes when testing diodes with a multimeter> |
Reverse the probes |
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What are the voltage drops for germanium and silicon diodes? |
.3v germanium, .7v silicon |
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What does the multimeter send through the diode to measure the voltage drop |
sends current |
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What obvious things should be done or checked first prior to T/S? |
Check for good connections, clean contacts, blown fuses, burned out components |
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Which T/S method has technical manuals defining a set procedure to follow based on particular symptoms? |
Procedural |
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What is the half split method and who should be the only ones to use it? |
Starting trouble shooting in the middle, experienced technicians |
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Where are todays circuits often contained on? |
Circuit boards |
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What is the volts/dic knob used to adjust on the o-scope? |
amplitude |
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What is the first step that should be taken before testing high voltage equipment (300v+) using an o-scope? |
Follow proper safety precautions |
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What is 1-to-1 probe going to display on the o-scope? |
Voltage equal to the voltage of the circuit being tested |
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Why would you let the scope warm up for a few minutes? |
So that voltages in all the internal circuits become stabalized |
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Which direction do you turn the adjustment screw on the probe for an overcompensated and an under-compensated waveform respectively? |
clockwise, counterclockwise |
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What are some measurements an o-scope can be used for? |
Time, phase, amplitude, other waveform characteristics |
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How is amplitude measured on the graph of an o-scope? |
Vertically |
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What is the waveform display useful for determining on an o-scope? |
Signal distortion, phase shift, modulation factor,frequency, peak-to-peak |
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When can a faulty circuit card be swapped out with a known good card and why? |
Once fault can be isolated, swapping cards is very expensive and should not be done without first troubleshooting to isolate first. |
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What dial on the analog power meter should be set to the highest setting possible to avoid damaging the meter? |
The range |
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What dial on the analog power meter provides a means for calibrating the instrument according to the frequency of the power signal being measured or compensates for the frequency of an input signal? |
Cal factor dial |
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What does the sensor port provide on the digital power meter? |
Provides input connection for the power sensor via the power sensor cable |
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What power sensor must be connected to the power meter in order to connect a 30dBm attenuator? |
8481A |
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What are the 2 power range dials for the power meter and what are their ranges? |
8481a (-25dBm to 20dBm) and 8484A (-65dBm to -25dBm) |
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What is over ranging capability of the digital power meter? |
20%
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What must be verified with the fuse of the power meter before powering it on? |
Check the range |
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What does a power meter give automatic and manual measurements of? |
Radio freq and microwave power levels |
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What are the two ways a power meter takes measurements? |
Directly or indirectly |
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Which type of measurement has the power meter connected directly between the transmitter output (RF source) and the load (such as an antenna)? |
Direct measurements |
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What are the 2 types of RF power that can be measured directly by the power meter? |
Incident power, reflected power |
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What direction does the arrow on the attenuator need to be pointing towards when measuring incident and reflected power respectiviley? |
Incident power, rotate arrow towards the load, reflected toward RF power source |
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What are two bridge circuits used with indirect power measurements (microwave freq)? |
Detection bridge, compensation and metering bridge |
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What are some of the pulse parameters the pulse generator provides full control over? |
Timing, Levels and edges |
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What of the pulse generator must be connected to the protective conductor of the power cable? |
Exposed metal chassis |
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Which pulse generator transistor mode involves reverse recovery times of transistors and diodes? |
Fixed |
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Which pulse generator transition mode involves stress tests of capacitors and thyristors? |
Linear |
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Which pulse generator transition mode involves simulation of bandpass filtered signals such as data transmission over telephone lines? |
Cosine-shaped (gaussian) |
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Which pulse generator transition mode involves clock generation and IC chips? |
Fixed |
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Who leaves their CAC card in the classroom most often? |
Milky Wilky |
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Which pulse generator transition mode involves reduction of relations and crosstalk? |
Linear variable |
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Which pulse generator transistor mode involves simulating degraded pulses? |
Cosine-Shaped (digital) |
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What is adjustable via the LEVEL control on the pulse generator? |
-20v to +20v |
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What mode on the pulse generator is similar to the linear mode, except that the edges become con-sinusoidal in shape? |
Gauss mode |
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Which operating mode on the pulse generator has a external signal that enables the period generator? |
Gate |
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What do RF signal generators produce? |
Alternating current for a set freq, amplitude and modulation, to assist in the troubleshooting faults |
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What are calibrated networks of resistors called? |
Attenuators |
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What produces an audio (or video) modulating signal that can be superimposed on the RF signal produced by the oscillator in an RD signal generator? |
Modulator |
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What piece of test equipment has applications that include ballistics and navigation? |
universal frequency counter |
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What does the universal freq counter measure? |
Freq, period, period average, time interval, time interval average, ratio |
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What happens if you exceed the 5v maximum limit for the "C" channel input signal on the universal freq counter? |
Inline fuse may open (blow) |
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What are catastrophic failures also known as? |
Hard failures |
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Define direct failure |
Component is damaged to the point here it no longer functions correctly. |
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define latent failure |
ESD weakens a component to the point where it still functions correctly during testing, but fails during normal operation |
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What is the cuff? |
The conductive end which makes contact with the wearers skin (contains a resistor) |
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What is the ground cord |
Connects the cuff to a common point ground. releases in emergencies |
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How do you maintain the antistatic wrist strap? |
Cleaning, inspecting, testing |
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wrist straps provide an electrical connection between the wearers skin and_______________ |
ground |
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The usual resistor value of a wrist strap? |
1 megohm |
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Three main components of a wrist strap |
cuff, ground cord, ground connection |
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Who is the duty section 1 watchful coordinator? |
Wichardson |
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When should you wear an antistatic wrist strap? |
whenever working with ESDS components and equipment |
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Do antistatic wrist straps reduce your risk of electrical shock? |
No |
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Is warm up necessary with a multimeter? |
no |
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When troubleshooting with a multimeter, the primary control you will use is? |
The function selection |
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What zeros the display and stores the present reading as a reference on a multimeter? |
The relative mode button |
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What feature on a multimeter provides an audio signal or buzzer to indicate a short |
continuity signal button |
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On a multimeter what button freezes the present reading on the display, where it will remain until pressed again |
HOLD button |
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What must you do before taking a resistance measurement with a multimeter? |
zero that poop, ensures accurate readings |
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Test leads can add how many OHM of error to resistance measurements |
.1 OHM TO .2 ohm |
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What should you do to measure current with a multimeter? |
open the circuit under test then place the meter in series with the circuit |
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Voltage drop for germanium |
.3v |
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voltage drop for silicon |
.7v |
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When using a multimeter to follow a defined procedure, you will compare_______ |
actual voltage, current or resistance readings to values given to you in the tech manual |
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What is the most widely used piece of electronic test equipment? |
The oscilloscope |
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What is essentially a voltmeter that measures voltage with respect to time and displays the results graphically? |
oscilloscope |
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What is used to position the trace signal vertically on the screen? |
The vertical position control |
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Which control allows adjustments of the input signal amplitude to a level that prevents distortion from occuring |
volts/div |
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What when pushed pulls the beam onto the screen so you can use the horizontal and vertical position controls to center the signal |
beam find control |
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What determines the period time of the display waveform? |
Time/div |
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What control would you use to compare signals from two inputs? |
Horizontal position control |
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What do you use to stabilize the display of the complex waveforms? |
HOLDOFF |
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What should you do with an oscilloscope before taking measurements? |
ground that poop |
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Which probe offers little or no attenuation of the signal under test? |
1 to 1 |
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Which probe can measure high-amplitude signals that would overdrive the vertical amp if connected directly to the oscilloscope? |
10x |
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Why do you let the scope warm up for a few minutes? |
So that voltages in all of the internal circuits become stablized |
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What measurements can an scope be used for ? |
Time, phase,amplitude, and other wave form characteristics |
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When measuring period peak, peak to peak of a sine wave what should the time base and volts/div be set to? |
time 1ms/division, volts/div to 5 volts |
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Who likes learning about test equipment for 4 days? |
No one you idiot |
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How do you keep someone awake during class that is falling asleep. |
Pass gas in or around the facial region of said person |
