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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The optimal endodontic result is difficult to achieve if the access is not properly prepared.
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True
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The first step in preparing an access cavity is visualization of the position of the pulp space in the tooth.
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True
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Bite-wing radiographs are excellent aids in determining the vertical depth needed for accessing a molar pulp chamber.
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True
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In molars, the floor of the pulp chamber is located in the center of the tooth at the level of the CEJ.
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True
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The external root surface anatomy reflects the internal pulp chamber anatomy.
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True
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The pulp chamber floor is lighter in color than the chamber walls.
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False
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Straight-line access reduces the risk of file breakage.
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True
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In a study of maxillary molars, older age was a significant factor in detecting fewer canals.
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True
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Maxillary first molars usually have three root canals.
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False
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The thickness of temporary filling material sealing the access cavity preparation should be a minimum of 0.5 mm.
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False
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The most likely place to perforate a maxillary first premolar is to the mesial, owing to the angulation and anatomy of the crown.
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True
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In maxillary premolar access the bucco-lingual dimension is determined by the size of the pulp chamber, regardless of root divergence.
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False
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Root canal treatment without rubber dam is within the standard of care at UIC if insufficient tooth structure exists for isolation.
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False
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A sudden change in the radiographic "density" of a root canal is a strong indication that canal calcification has occured in the apical region.
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False
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The number of canals present is almost always determined from the pre-operative radiograph, and rarely from the "wire measurement" image.
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False
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In anterior teeth the facial surface of the access prep (inside the access) is generally flat from the mesial view.
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False
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In anterior teeth the lingual/palatal surface of the access prep (inside the access) is generally concave from the mesial view.
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False
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In a multicanal premolar or molar, placing NaOCl irrigating solution in the pulp chamber for a few minutes may help locate a tiny, calcified canal by tiny bubbles coming from the undiscovered orifice.
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True
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The floor of the pulp chamber is sometimes porous due to furcation canals.
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True
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Following initial penetration into the pulp chamber of an anterior tooth, the next step is to remove the chamber roof & pulp horns.
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True
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Almost three of four lateral canals occurs in the apical one-third of the root canal system.
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True
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The apical foramen is considered the part of the root canal with the smallest diameter.
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False
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The distance between the major and minor diameter increases with age.
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True
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The apical constriction is always 1 mm from the radiographic apex.
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False
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The aim of root canal therapy is to prevent or cure apical periodontitis (periradicular periodontitis).
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True
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A basic objective of cleaning and shaping a root canal is to allow disinfecting irrigants access to the apical one-third of the root canal.
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True
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A wire measurement radiograph that is 2 mm or more from the ideal apical position is okay for determining working length with no subsequent radiographs needed.
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False
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Irrigation is only needed in non-vital canals.
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False
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Patency filing is accomplished with small K-files, either #10 or #15.
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True
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Initial apical file size (IAF) is a determinant for the desired apical preparation size.
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True
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"Anti-Curvature" filing produces intentional transportation of the root canal.
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True
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Apical "patency" involves extending the Master Apical File to WL + 1 mm.
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False
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The small files, #08 and #10, are almost always used in a "pathfinder" configuration.
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True
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Gates-Glidden drills are used mainly in preliminaryshaping of the coronal one-third of the canal.
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True
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Two properties of Nickel-Titanium alloys that allow continuously-rotating instruments to survive extended service in curved root canals are 1) superelasticity and 2) extreme resistance to cyclic fatigue.
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False
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Owing to its flexibility, Nickel-Titanium alloy instruments will not transport root canals.
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False
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When an instrument rotates around a curve, larger diameters will fail from cyclic fatigue after fewer revolutions than smaller diameters.
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True
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Using current high-tech canal preparation techniques, the goal of mechanical preparation of all root canal surfaces is routinely accomplished.
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False
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The safest way to determine when a Nickel-Titanium instrument should be discarded is to examine its flutes under magnification. If no distortion is seen, the instrument is safe to use again.
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False
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Wire measurement may be done with files larger than #15, but no larger than size #30.
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True
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The maximum recommended speed for use with ProFiles is 350 RPM.
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True
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The rotating instrument may remain stationary, but for no more than 3 to 4 seconds.
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False
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Early debris removal, more effective irrigation and improved instrument efficiency are benefits of "crown-down" instrumentation.
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True
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It is permissible to instrument a dry canal when visibility is necessary.
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False
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Once the powered instrumentation technique is mastered, it is not necessary to use manual files.
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False
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Visual inspection of Nickel-Titanium instruments is unreliable in preventing fractures.
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True
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As a general rule, the MAF will always be size #30 or larger, regardless of taper.
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True
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Circumferential filing is necessary to effectively debride oval portions of the root canal.
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True
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I promise to always record the length of the file used in the WM image and the reference point.
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True
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Hedstrom files rotated to length most effectively prepare the guide path.
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False
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Fractured instruments are not a hindrance to the goals of cleaning, shaping, and filling root canals, and will not adversely affect the outcome of endodontic treatment.
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False
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The enlargement of root canal orifices does not facilitate the negotiation and instrumentation of the apical part of root canals especially in curved canals of multi-rooted teeth.
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False
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The Manual enlargement of root canals with fine hand instruments does not significantly reduce the failure rate of rotary instruments.
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False
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Canal transportation will not result in inadequately cleaned canals with the possible outcome of persistent apical lesions.
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False
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By design Ni-Ti rotary instruments will not cause any canal transportation or zips in the apical third of curved canals.
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False
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Chemomechanical Preparation of the root canal through a combination of mechanical instrumentation and anibacterial irrigation is not the critical stage in canal disinfection.
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False
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The goal of canal preparation is directed towards shaping the canal so as to achieve biologic objectives and facilitate the placement of a well condensed root canal filling.
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True
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Studies have shown that instrumentation with Ni-Ti files led to a better prognosis compared to stainless steel files because of better maintenance of original canal shape.
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True
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The advantage of crown down technique is that it removes infected coronal dentin and obstructions before apical preparation and enlarges canals incrementally.
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True
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Ni-Ti rotary instruments are fifteen times more likely to distort or fracture at rotational speeds higher than 333 rpm.
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True
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Successful root canal treatment is based on these principles: dianosis and treatment planning; knowledge of anatomy and morphology; the traditional concepts of debridement, thorough disinfection, and obturation; and the coronal restoration.
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True
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It is possible for a root canal to be under-filled without being under-extended.
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True
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Teeth that are poorly obturated are often poorly prepated.
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True
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When bacteria are present at the time of obturation, studies show there is an inverse correlation between the quality of obturation and probability of healing.
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False
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At present there is no effective method for determining for certain, at the time of obturation, whether the cleaning and shaping procedures have been effective.
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True
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At present the consensus is that one-visit treatment procedures are acceptable when the patient exhibits a completely of partially-vital pulp, and time permits.
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True
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It is possible to assess the quality of the seal established during obturation with a radiograph.
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False
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A convenient unit of measurement in endodontics is "one one-hundredth of a millimeter."
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True
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When pain occurs as the result of irreversible pulpitis, obturation may occur at the initial visit because removal of the inflammed tissue will generally resolve the patient's pain.
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True
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According to Dr. Weeks, the three most important things in endodontic treatment are Obturation, Obturation and Obturation.
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False
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Ideally the tip of the post should extend to the remaining gutta-percha leaving no space between the two.
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True
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To insure an adequate apical seal the minimum amount of remaining gutta-percha following post space preparation should be 4 mm.
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True
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E. faecalis bacteria are incapable of forming a biofilm in an infected root canal.
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False
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Sodium hypochlorite irrigant, if used in adequate concentrations and high enough volumes is effective against E. faecalis.
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True
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Chlorhexidine is effective at dissolving necrotic tissue in root canals.
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False
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Chlorhexidine possesses residual antibacterial activity known as substantivity.
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True
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Calcium hydroxide is a rapidly acting antimicrobial.
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False
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Cvek (partial) pulpotomy is more successful in asymptomatic carious exposures than in symptomatic carious exposures of immature permanent teeth.
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True
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Apexigenesis is treatment designed to preserve vital pulp tissue in the apical part of the root canal in order to complete formation of the root apex.
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True
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Apexification is the process whereby a nonvital, immature, permanent tooth which has lost the capacity for further normal root development forms a calcified barrier at the root terminus.
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True
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Causative factors of reversible pulpitis include caries, exposed dentin, recent dental treatment and defective restorations.
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True
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Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis describes a tooth that when cold is applied it will elicit heightened and prolonged episodes of pain even after the stimulus is removed.
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True
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A tooth with symptomatic apical periodontitis will have an acutely painful response to biting pressure or percussion.
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True
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Previously treated describes a tooth that has already had nonsurgical root canal therapy performed and the root canal system has been filled with some type of root canal obturating material.
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True
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Histologically, asymptomatic apical periodontitis lesions are classified as cysts of granulomas.
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True
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A tooth with chronic apical abscess will not respond to pulpal vitality tests, radiographically will not exhibit an apical radiolucency, and will have a sinus tract associated with the tooth.
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False
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Hyperplastic pulpitis is a form of reversible pulpitis.
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False
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One of the factors that will influence whether a pulp stays inflammed or becomes necrotic is the ability of the pulp to release inflammatory fluids to avoid an increase in intrapulpal pressure.
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True
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Symptomatic apical periodontitis can be found in association with a vital pulp as well as a necrotic pulp.
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True
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Studies have shown that bacteria is the primary cause of pulp necrosis.
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True
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