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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Acidosis
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A pathologic condition resulting from the accumulation of acid in the body
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Diabetes mellitus
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A metabolic disorder in which the ability to metabolize carbohydrates is impaired, usually because of lack of insulin
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Diabetic coma
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Unconsciousness caused by dehydration, very high blood glucose levels, and acidosis in diabetes
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Diabetic ketoacidosis
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A form of acidosis in uncontrolled diabetes in which certain acids accumulate with insulin is not available
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Glucose
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One of the basic sugars; it is the primary fuel, along with auction, for cellular metabolism
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Hormone
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A chemical substance that regulates the activity of body organs and tissues; produced by a gland
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Hyperglycemia
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Abnormally high glucose level in the blood
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Hypoglycemia
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Abnormally low glucose level in the blood
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Insulin
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A hormone produced by the islets of langerhans(an exocrine gland on the pancreas) that enables glucose in the blood to enter the cells of the body; used in synthetic form to treat and control diabetes mellitus
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Insulin shock
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Unconsciousness or altered mental status in a patient with diabetes, caused by significant hypoglycemia; usually the result of excessive exercise and activity or failure to eat after a routine dose of insulin.
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Kussmaul respirations
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Deep, rapid breathing; usually the result of an accumulation of certain assets when insulin is not available in the body
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polydipsia
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Excessive thirst persisting for long periods of time despite reasonable fluid intake; often the result of excessive urination
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Polyphagia
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Excessive eating; and diabetes, the inability to use glucose properly can cause a sense of hunger
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Polyuria
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The passage of an unusually large volume of urine in a given period; and diabetes, this can result from wasting of glucose in the urine
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Type I diabetes
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The type of diabetic disease that usually starts in childhood and requires insulin for proper treatment and control
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Type II diabetes
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The type of diabetic disease usually starts in later life and often can be told through diet and oral medications
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What percentage of the population is affected by diabetes
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6%
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What does the word diabetes mean
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A passer through; a siphon
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Diabetes insipidus
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A rare condition, also involves excessive urination, but here the missing hormone is one regulates urinary fluid reabsorption
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Cellular key
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Insulin: you need to allow glucose into individual body cells
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Blood glucose levels in hyperglycemia
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200 mg
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Normal amount of glucose in the blood
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80 to 120 mg
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Signs and symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis
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Vomiting, abdominal pain, and kussmaul respirations
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Blood glucose level at which diabetic coma occurs
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800 mg or greater
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Click the close level at which DKA occurs
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400 800 mg
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Blood glucose level at which hypoglycemia occurs
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80 to 40 mg
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Blood glucose levels at which insulin shock occurs
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Less than 40 mg
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Things that can cause diabetic coma
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Patient who is not under medical treatment, takes insufficient insulin, remarkably overeat, or who is undergoing some sort of stress that may involve an infection, illness, or over exertion, fatigue, or drinking alcohol
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Symptoms of diabetic coma
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Kussmaul respirations, dehydration, as indicated by dry, warm skin and sunken eyes; a suite or fruity order on the breath; a rapid pulse; a normal slightly low blood pressure; varying degrees of unresponsiveness
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Things that cause insulin shock
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Taking too much insulin; taking a regular dose of insulin but have not eaten enough food; had an unusual amount of activity or vigorous exercise and use up all available glucose
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Symptoms of hypoglycemia
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Normal or rapid respiration; pale, moist skin; excessive sweating; dizziness, headache; rapid pulse; normal to low blood pressure; altered mental status; anxious or combative behavior; hunger; seizure, fainting, or coma; weakness on one side of the body
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Idiopathic
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Of unknown cause
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