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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum Mitochondria Golgi Apparatus Lysosomes |
Ribosomes ---synthesize proteins
endo plasmic reticulum---acts as a transport system for protein mitochondria |
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Somatic Cells
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Cells divide by mitosis, daughter
cell has same number of chromosomes as parent cell Mitosis has 5 phases |
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The period between cell division is
known as interphase & has 3 sub phases, G1, S, & G G1, phase where cell spends most of its life, growth S phase, DNA is replicated G2, chromatids, DNA tightly coiled and visible with microscope. |
Interphase
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Paired chromatids arrange
themselves in an equatorial plane midway the two daughter centrioles |
Metaphase
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Daughter chromatids now become
chromosomes |
Anaphase
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Daughter chromosomes under go
reverse of prophase The daughter cell separates into two complete cells |
Telophase
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Reproduce by _________, these are
the reproductive cells Two successive divisions of mother cell, producing 4 daughter or granddaughter cells First division produces 2 cells with normal diploid somatic number, 2nd division produces 2 cells, haploid number |
Germ Cells
Reproduce by meiosis, these are the reproductive cells Two successive divisions of mother cell, producing 4 daughter or granddaughter cells First division produces 2 cells with normal diploid somatic number, 2nd division produces 2 cells, haploid number |
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Abnormal division, rapidly
Contain increased amount of chromatin Increased ratio of nuclear material to cytoplasm Vary greatly in size and shape Metastasis |
Malignant cells
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Radiosensitivity is a function of the
metabolic state of the cell being irradiated. High metabolic rate, sensitive Mature cells, radioresistant Young cells, sensitive Increase mitotic, sensitive Stem cells, radiosensitive |
Law of Bergonie and
Tribondeau, 1906 |
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_____________ radiation strikes a
critical target, nucleus, DNA, resulting in physical or chemical changes. ______________ radiation interacts with the water in cell forming free radicals |
Two Biological Effects
Direct effect, radiation strikes a critical target, nucleus, DNA, resulting in physical or chemical changes. Indirect effects, radiation interacts with the water in cell forming free radicals |