Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
ABG normal values
|
pH= 7.35 - 7.45
PaO2 = 80-100mmHg PaCO2 = 35 - 45mmHg HCO3 = 22 - 26 mEq/L SaO2 = 93-100% |
|
|
Respiratory Acidosis
Respiratory Alkalosis |
CO2 acts as acid in human body
Resp Acidosis = incr in PaCO2 in presence of acidosis (pH> 7.45) Resp Alk= decr in PaCO2 in presence of alkalosis (ph<7.35) |
|
|
Metabolic Acidosis
Metabolic Alkalosis |
HCO3 = base solution
Metabolic acidosis = decr in HCO3 in acidotic state Metabolic alkalosis=>HCO3 in alkalotic state |
|
|
Compensation
|
In order to recognize compensation, look for changes in buffering system that is not part of the primary problem
Ex: DM pt in ketoacidosis pH=7.29; HCO3=16 -- metabolic acidosis ABGs show PaCO2=27; pt has incr RR to blow off CO2. **This creates a resp alkalosis wh is opposite of meta acidosis |
|
|
Compensation
|
Buffer system changes in same direction as primary problem
Ex: pH=7.25; PaCO2=58 = resp acid. HCO3= 30 the other buffering system is same direction as primary prob. PaCO2 is elevated and compensatory HCO3 is up! Both are elevated, but we know resp acidosis because the pH =7.27!!! |
|
|
ABG analysis
|
1) Is pH acidotic/alkalotic
2) What is the primary problem? --if acidotic w/high PaCO2 then Respiratory -- if acidotic w/low HCO3 then Metabolic --if alkalotic w/low PaCO2 then Respiratory -- if alkalotic w/high HCO3 then Metabolic |
|
|
Case Studies
|
1) pH=7.17; PaCO2=68; HCO3=22 decreased LOC, postop, MSO4 for pain
2) pH=7.37; PaCO2=29; hCO3=17 diarrhea x4d, incr RR 3) pH=7.52, PaCO2=35; HCO3=29 POD 5, NGT w/output>900cc, decrease in MS 3) |
|
|
Case Study answers
|
1) Uncompensation Resp acid
2) Compensated Meta acid 3) Uncompensated Meta alka |
|
|
Clinical Manifestations:
Respiratory acidosis |
*PaCO2; HCO3 nml or > c/renal compensation
*vasodilation; dysrhthmia; tachycardia; somnolence; < ventilation |
|
|
Clinical Manifestations:
Respiratory Alkalosis |
* pH; PaCO2; HCO3 nml or < secondary to compensation
*N/V; tingling fingers |
|
|
Clinical Manifestations:
Metabolic acidosis |
*hyperkalemia; shift of acid to ICF & K to ECF
* anorexia; N/V * warm, flushed skin *dysrhytmia; CNS dysfunction *HA; diarrhea; tremors |
