Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The smallest, most common microorganism that does not have a nucleus is called a ___.
|
prokaryote
|
|
Prokaryotes are broken down into two categories:
1 2 |
1. eubacteria
2. archaebacteria |
|
______ are found everywhere, and is protected by a cell wall made of a carbohydrate.
|
Eubacteria
|
|
_______ are found in extreme harsh environments.
|
Archaebacteria
|
|
What is the major difference between eubacteria and archaebacteria?
|
1. Archaebacteria does not have the carbohydratic cell wall like eubacteria.
2. The DNA sequences are different. |
|
What are the similarities of eubacteria and archaebacteria?
|
1. both lack a nucleus
2. have cell walls (but differently made) |
|
How are prokaryotes classified?
1 2 3 4 |
1. shape
2. chemical makeup of cell wall 3. how they move 4. how they obtain energy |
|
Name and describe the three different shapes of prokaryotes:
1 2 3 |
1. bacilli - rod-shaped
2. cocci - sphere-shaped 3. spirilla - spiral/corkscrew |
|
What can you tell what type of cell wall a prokaryotic has?
|
By using the Gram stain. The stain contains two dyes - violet and red.
Violet - gram positive Red - gram negative |
|
Name the type of movements of prokaryotes:
1 2 3 4 |
1. no movement
2. propelled by flagella 3. lash, snake or spiral 4. glide over slime |
|
Name the two types of prokaryotes as far as metabolic energy is concerned:
1 2 |
1. heterotrophs -get food from others
2. autotrophs - make their own food |
|
________ must take in organic molecules for energy and a supply of carbon.
|
Chemoheterotrophs
|
|
_______ is a small group of prokaryotes that make their own food, but also take in organic compounds for the carbon source.
|
Photoheterotrophs
|
|
Describe the two types of autotrophs:
1 2 |
1. photoautotrophs - produce their own energy and carbon source
2. chemoautotrophs - make their own food without the aid of sunlight - chemical reactions instead |
|
________ is a photoautotroph that is bluish in color and found all over the world.
|
Cyanobacteria
|
|
Where are you most likely to find chemoautotrophs?
|
Deep in the oceans around hydrothermal vents.
|
|
Organisms that require a constant supply of oxygen in order to live are called ____.
|
obligate aerobes
|
|
______ ____ are bacteria that must live in the absence of oxygen.
|
Obligate anaerobes
|
|
Give an example of obligate aerobes:
|
Mycobacteria tuberculosis - causes tuberculosis
|
|
Give an example of obligate anaerobes:
|
Clostridium botulinum - causes botulism (can be found in canned food that are not properly sterilized)
|
|
______ ______ can live with or without oxygen, depending on their environment.
|
Facultative anaerobes
|
|
Give an example of facultative anaerobes:
|
E. coli
|