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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
nitroglycerin
|
organonitrates
sublingual NO --> increase cGMP --> vascular smooth muscle relaxation |
|
isosorbide dinitrate
|
organonitrates
sublingual NO --> increase cGMP --> vascular smooth muscle relaxation |
|
amyl nitrate
|
organonitrates
inhaled NO --> increase cGMP --> vascular smooth muscle relaxation |
|
verapamil
|
non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
negative inotrope negative chronotrope vasodilator |
|
nifedipine
|
dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
vasodilator only |
|
diltiazem
|
non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
negative inotrope negative chronotrope vasodilator |
|
propranolol
|
beta-blocker
decrease heart rate and contractility |
|
hydralazine
|
arterial vasodilator
open K+ channel in vascular smooth muscle |
|
minoxidil
|
arterial vasodilator
open K+ channel in vascular smooth muscle aka Rogaine |
|
diazoxide
|
arterial vasodilator
anti-anginal |
|
nitroprusside
|
arterial and venous vasodilator
anti-anginal |
|
digoxin
|
positive inotropic agent
cardiac glycoside inhibit Na+/K+ ATPase increase Ca in cell interactions with quinidine, hypokalemia, renal failure |
|
dobutamine
|
positive inotropic agent
sympathomimetics beta agonist inotropic > chronotropic IV only |
|
dopamine
|
positive inotropic agent
sympathomimetics CHF |
|
amrinone
|
positive inotropic agent
PDE (phosphodiesterase) inhibitors increase cAMP cardiac = PDE III hepatoxic acute IV |
|
milrinone
|
positive inotropic agent
PDE (phosphodiesterase) inhibitors increase cAMP cardiac = PDE III |
|
captopril
|
ACE inhibitor
decrease Ang2 increase bradykinin active drug |
|
Lisinopril
|
ACE inhibitor
decrease Ang2 increase bradykinin prodrug |
|
Enalapril
|
ACE inhibitor
decrease Ang2 increase bradykinin active drug water-soluble longer half-life |
|
aspirin
|
anti-platelet agent
irreversible inhibitor of COX-1 |
|
tPA
|
tissue plasminogen activator
fibrinolytic agent clot-selective activate plasminogen |
|
Propranolol
|
beta-blocker
|
|
losartan
|
ARB (angiotensin receptor blocker)
receptor: AT2 avoid bradykinin buildup |
|
valsartan
|
ARB (angiotensin receptor blocker)
receptor: AT2 avoid bradykinin buildup |
|
heparin
|
anti-thrombotic
major: binds anti-thrombin III (AT III) minor: inhibit clotting factor Xa |
|
enoxaparin
|
anti-thrombotic
LMWH (low-molecular weight heparin) major: inhibit clotting factor Xa minor: bind antithrombin III |
|
leprudin
|
direct thrombin inhibitor
|
|
bevalirudin
|
direct thrombin inhibitor
|
|
warfarin / coumarin
|
oral anti-coagulant
vit K analog --> epoxide reductase inhibitor teratogenic |
|
streptokinase
|
fibrinolytic agent
convert plasminogen to plasmin |
|
anistreplase
|
fibrinolytic agent
acetylated plasminogen + streptokinase |
|
ticlopine
|
anti-platelet agent
inhibit ADP-mediated platelet aggregation |
|
clopidogrel
|
anti-platelet agent
inhibit ADP-mediated platelet aggregation |
|
abcximab
|
anti-platelet agent
blocks platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors |
|
integrelin
|
anti-platelet agent
blocks platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors |
|
hydrochlorthiazide
|
thiazide diuretic
decrease Na / Cl absorption distal convoluted tubule |
|
furosemide
|
loop diuretic
inhibit Na/K/Cl transporter loop of henle |
|
spironolactone
|
K-sparing diuretic
aldosterone antagonist collecting duct |
|
amiloride
|
K-sparing diuretic
inhibit Na absorption collecting duct |
|
triamterine
|
K-sparing diuretic
inhibit Na absorption collecting duct |
|
prazosin
|
alpha-blocker
inhibit alpha-1 receptor on arterioles --> relaxation |
|
clonidine
|
central adrenergic inhibitors
decrease NE release central alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist |
|
methydopa
|
central adrenergic inhibitors
decrease NE release replaces NE in storage vesicles, alpha-2 agonist |
|
reserpine
|
central adrenergic inhibitors
decrease NE release inhibit NE uptake --> reduce transmitter content --> reduce peripheral adrenergic output |
|
quinidine
|
class IA anti-arrhythmic
|
|
procainamide
|
class IA anti-arrhythmic
|
|
disopyramide
|
class IA anti-arrhythmic
|
|
lidocaine
|
class IB anti-arrhythmic
|
|
mexiletine
|
class IB anti-arrhythmic
|
|
tocainide
|
class IB anti-arrhythmic
|
|
phenytoin
|
class IB anti-arrhythmic
|
|
flecanide
|
class IC anti-arrhythmic
|
|
propafenone
|
class IC anti-arrhythmic
|
|
moricizine
|
class IC anti-arrhythmic
|
|
amiodarone
|
class III anti-arrhythmic
also class I, II, IV properties FDA black box toxicities with liver, thyroid, pulmonary fibrosis, corneal deposits, photodermatitis |
|
bretylium
|
class III anti-arrhythmic
|
|
sotalol
|
class III anti-arrhythmic
also beta blocker |
|
ibutilide
|
class III anti-arrhythmic
|
|
adenosine
|
anti-arrhythmic
short half life (10 secs) terminate re-entry into AV node atagonist = methylxanthine = caffine |