Dental Hygiene Ii--Ultrasonic Scaling-Midterm

Front 1

What are the 3 types of mechanized scalers?

Back 1

1. Ultrasonic Magnetostrictive
2. Ultrasonic Piezoelectric
3. Sonic

Front 2

-High frequency sound waves: converts high frequency electrical energy into mechanical energy to form rapid vibrations
-25,000-35,000 vibrations per second in elliptical motion
-Vibratory action fractures calculus
-Waves dissipated in form of heat, heat reduced by cooled water

Back 2

Ultrasonic Magnetostrictive

Front 3

What are some specs of the Ultrasonic Piezoelectric scaler?

Back 3

-A quaetz or metal alloy crystal trasducer converts electrical energy into ultrasonic vibrations
-29,000-40,000 cycles per second
-Water cooling needed to cool friction between tip and tooth

Front 4

What are some of the specs of the Sonic?

Back 4

-Attached to conventional handpeice operated with clean dry air
-Small size & convenience
-2,000-6,000 per second
-Less power and less action for calculus removal
-High pitched sound

Front 5

What are some of the contraindications of Mechanized Scaling-using Ultrasonic scaling?

Back 5

1. Routine preventative scaling (minimal amounts of calculus)
2. patients with cardiac pacemakers
3. Young growing tissue of children
4. Uncontrolled diabetes, debilitation, renal and other organ transplant
5. Restorations: (ie: porcelain jacket crowns, composite resins, amalgam surace and margins, titanuim implant abutments)
6. Demineralized areas
7. Patients with respiratory risk: (ie: asthma, emphysema, cystic fibrosis, cardiovascular disease with secondary pulmonary disease)
8. Patients with communicable dieases: (ie: herpetic lesions, hepatitis)
9. Patients with swallowing problem or prone to gagging
10. Exposed cemental surfaces

Front 6

This tip is used to remove or loosen HEAVY BRIDGE CALCULUS.

Back 6

Chisel Tip

Front 7

This tip is used to remove LARGE SUPRA-CHUNKS

Back 7

Beaver Tail Tip

Front 8

This tip is used to remove SUBGINGIVAL CHUNKS AND LEDGES but the actual tip is NEVER used only the side of the tip is used

Back 8

Universal Tip

Front 9

This tip is used for Diagonal cross-hatching and is good for furcations, and only the side of the tip is used, NOT the tip itself.

Back 9

Probe Tip

Front 10

This tip is used for equal or less than 4 mm pockets and can be useed on every suface and is good for deplaque, maintenance and tight contacts.

Back 10

Slim-line-Straight inserts

Front 11

This tip is used for pckets greater than 4 mm pockets and is good for furcation areas and used for needed greater tactile sensitivity. It equates to Gracy's in hand instruments.

Back 11

Slim-line Left and Right Inserts

Front 12

What supplies/equipement is needed for the use of the cavitron?

Back 12

-Control Box
-Foot pedal
-Water connector
-Handpiece
-Insert tips
-Plastic Drape
-Absorbent napkin
-Tissues
-Saliva Ejector
-Antiseptic Mouth Rinse
-Rubber tip cover (Steri Shields)

Front 13

What is the intended use of the Magnetostrictive #10 Standard Universal Tip?

Back 13

-Standard diameter design efficiently removes moderate to heave deposits.
-Straight shank can ve used on all accessible tooth surfaces
-These designs are most effective on: buccal and lingual surfaces of all teeth; and interproximal surfaces of anterior teeth

Front 14

What is the intended use of the Magnetostrictive #100 Thin Universal Tip

Back 14

-Thin diameter designs are approximately 40% slimmer than standard tips, enhancing access in periodontal pockets.
-Thin tips should be used only on low to medium power settings.
-Most effective on: Buccal and lingual surfaces of all teeth, and Interproximal sufaces on anterior teeth

Front 15

True or False:
Right or left refers only to the bend in design, not to a location for use in the mouth.

Back 15

True

Front 16

What is the intended use of the Piezoelectric #10 Standard Universal Tip?

Back 16

-Standard diameter design effeciently removes moderate to heavy deposits.
-Straight shank can be used on all accessible tooth surfaces
-These designs are most effective on: Buccal and lingual surfaces of all teeth and interproximal surfaces of anterior teeth.

Front 17

What is the intended use of the Piezoelectric #P Standard Universal Tip?

Back 17

-Standard diameter design effeciently removes moderate to heavy deposits.
-Straight shank can be used on all accessible tooth surfaces
-These designs are most effective on: Buccal and lingual surfaces of all teeth and interproximal surfaces of anterior teeth.

Front 18

What is the intended use of the Piezoelectric #P10 Standard Universal Tip?

Back 18

-Standard diameter design effeciently removes heavy to gross deposits.
-Unique contra-bend shank can be used on all accessible supragingival tooth surfaces
-These designs are most effective on: Buccal and lingual surfaces of all teeth and interproximal surfaces of anterior teeth.

Front 19

-Thin diameter enhances access in periodontal pockets
-The straight shank of the #100 thin is ideal for light to moderate supragingival deposits in shallow pockets and can be used on all accessible tooth surfaces
-Thin tips should be used only on low to medium power settings
-Most effective on: Buccal and lingual surfaces of all teeth and Interproximal surfaces on Anterior teeth.

Back 19

Piezoelectric #100 Thin Universal Tip

Front 20

What is the goal of power scaling?

Back 20

To convert electrical energy to mechanical power to asist in the removal of debris.

Front 21

What are the ADVANTAGES of ultrasonic scaling over hand scaling?

Back 21

1. Reduction in time
2. Minimal tissue manipulation
3. Patient may feel less pain
4. Water lavage to sulcus
5. Reduced physical strain (carpal tunnel)
6. Equipment minimal care
7. No sharpening needed
8. Some deliver disinfectant agents
9. Kills bacteria by bursting cell walls
10. Adapts to inaccessible areas
11. Covers greater portion of tooth surface

Front 22

What are some of the LIMITATIONS of ultrasonic scaling compared to hand scaling?

Back 22

1.Reduced tactile sensitivity
2. impeded visibility by spraying water (mirror difficult to use)
3. Inconvenience of spraying water
4. Does not accomplish fine scaling unless you ahve mastered the use of slim-line inserts
5. Aerosols--increase bacterial counts

Front 23

What are the ADVANTAGES of ultrasonic depridement?

Back 23

-Eliminate gram negative microbes
-Disrupt motile rods and spirochetes
-Lavage away LPS
-Thin layer of protiens containing cementum

Front 24

The removal of (WHAT?) is essential to halt and prevent periodontal disease.

Back 24

Bacteria

Front 25

Dental calculus contains calcified (WHAT?)

Back 25

Biofilm and Exfoliated Oral Epithelial Cells

Front 26

Overall goals of non-surgical periodontal treatment are (WHAT?)

Back 26

To halt disease progression and to obtain clinical attachment gains

Front 27

Hand scalers have been found to be ineffective in removing calculus in (WHAT?)

Back 27

Furcation areas

Front 28

Furcation entrances can be as narrow as (WHAT?)

Back 28

0.63mm

Front 29

Ultrasonic Scalers are considered superior to hand scalers in (WHAT?) furcations.

Back 29

Moderate to Severe

Front 30

Ultrasonic scalers are available as (WHAT?)

Back 30

A piezoelectic unit and a magnetostrictive unit

Front 31

Elliptical movement is obtained using (WHAT?)

Back 31

A magnetostrictive device

Front 32

Piezoelectric ultrasonic units use (WHAT?) to convert energy.

Back 32

Ceramic Discs

Front 33

The majority of scaling using magnetostrictive ultrasonic inserts will be accomplished with (WHAT?)

Back 33

The lateral and convex back surfaces

Front 34

The available active area in the terminal part of ultrasonic inserts depends upon (WHAT?)

Back 34

The frequency at which the ultrasonic scaler operates

Front 35

Slim tip inserts are designed to vbe approximately (WHAT?) than standard inserts.

Back 35

30-40% slimmer

Front 36

An important factor in tip use is (WHAT?).

Back 36

To keep the tip moving continually, to apply a light lateral force, and to angle the tip to ensure that it is against the tooth surface

Front 37

False negatives for the presence of residual calculus have been found in up to (WHAT?) of root surfaces.

Back 37

77 percent

Front 38

Piezoelectric ultrasonic units rely upon what type of movement?

Back 38

Linear

Front 39

With piezoelectric ultrasonic units, (WHAT?) surfaces of the insert's tip are the most active.

Back 39

The lateral

Front 40

Hand curettes have been found to be less efficient in scaling procedures than (WHAT?).

Back 40

Magnetostrictive ultrasonic scalers and Piezoelectric ultrasonic scalers

Front 41

In a study comparing magnetostrictive and piezoelectric ultrasonic scaling, patients' perception of discomfort was found to be (WHAT?)

Back 41

Similar

Front 42

Tissue distension can be minimized by (WHAT?)

Back 42

Technique and careful selection of tips

Front 43

The cavitational effect of ultrasonic scalers aids (WHAT?)

Back 43

Biofilm removal

Front 44

Reducing the amount of water sprayed from inserts (WHAT?).

Back 44

Can improve visibility, can improve patient comfort, reduces the need for suction.

Front 45

Patient comfort varies with (WHAT?)

Back 45

The specific insert tips used and clinical skill

Front 46

The flexibility of scaling technique is greatest with (WHAT?)

Back 46

Magnetostrictive ultrasonic units

Front 47

The efficacy of magnetostrictive ultrasonics can be adapted by adjusting (WHAT?).

Back 47

Tip angulation, lateral force, and power setting.

Front 48

The full circumference of deep pockets and root morphology can be properly instrumented using (WHAT?)

Back 48

Right and left inserts

Front 49

Standard-size straight ultrasonic inserts are designed for (WHAT?).

Back 49

Moderate to heavy deposit removal in probing depthss less than 4 mm.

Front 50

Debridement of pockets 4 mm deep or greater is achieved by (WHAT?).

Back 50

Using slim tip inserts and a low power setting.

Front 51

Implant surface roughness can result from the use of (WHAT?).

Back 51

Stainless steel curettes and titanium allow curettes.

Front 52

Disposable plastic tips designed for specialty implants inserts have been found to (WHAT?).

Back 52

Safely and effectively remove deposits.

Front 53

Compared to hand scalers, benefits of the latest ultrasonic scalers include (WHAT?).

Back 53

Improved patient comfort, improved operator ergonomics, and more effective treatment.

Front 54

TRUE or FALSE:
Root planing may constitute over treating because endotoxins (LPS) are easily removed.

Back 54

TRUE

Front 55

TRUE or FALSE:
The tip of a modified insert should be adapted like a probe, with theend of the tip against the tooth.

Back 55

FALSE, its the side of the tip , not the end

Front 56

The mechanical scaler that operates at 2,000-6,000 cycles in an elliptical motion is the peizoeletric.

Back 56

FALSE, its the sonic.

Front 57

The mechanical scaler that operates by alternating electrical current applied to reactive crystals and uses tips like scalers is the magnetostrictive.

Back 57

FALSE, its the piezoelectric

Front 58

Periodontal debridement defines successful therapy by a glassy smooth surface.

Back 58

FALSE, root planning creating a biological compatible environment

Front 59

Ultrasonic instruments have been shown to remoce more cementum during use than hand instruments.

Back 59

FALSE, Not

Front 60

Healing following debridement with hand instruments is superior to that following debridement with ultrasonic instruments.

Back 60

FALSE, opposite is true, ultrasonic, hand

Front 61

The most reliable measure of success of periodontal debridement is removal of calculus as determined by exploration of the tooth surface and use of compressed air.

Back 61

FALSE, its increased attachment, decreased bleeding, Health of the Tissue

Front 62

LPS is found to penetrate deeply into the cementum and dentin

Back 62

FALSE, its loosely attached

Front 63

Root planing may remove excessive amounts of cementum in an effort to remove all contaminated material from the root surface.

Back 63

TRUE

Front 64

Scaling and root planing focuses clinical attention primarily on root surface characteristices rather than the healing.

Back 64

TRUE

Front 65

The side or back of the tip is adapted for proper instrumentation with the universal and probe cavitron inserts.

Back 65

TRUE

Front 66

The Beaver tail cavitron tip is used for removing subgingival chunks and ledges of calculus

Back 66

FALSE, its supragingival

Front 67

The right and left slimline insert tips are used to remove calculus in areas of pocket depth greater than 5 mm.

Back 67

TRUE

Front 68

Apply the ultrasonic tip at a 15 degree angle to the tooth.

Back 68

TRUE/FALSE, its a 0-15 degree angle

Front 69

The ultrasonic tip is positioned apical to the deposit and firm lateral pressure is applied as a stroke is initiated.

Back 69

FALSE, at the edge and light lateral pressure, not firm

Front 70

If the handpiece of the cavitron becomes hot, raise the power setting.

Back 70

FALSE, raise the WATER setting, not power.