Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Oral Rinses are divided into therapeutic and (what?) rinses
|
Cosmetic
|
|
Antimicrobial agents ideally should (what?) microbial colonization on the tooth surface.
|
inhibit or reduce
|
|
First generation agents have antibacterial properties with (what?) substantivity.
|
Low or none
|
|
It is ideal to have a drug with high (what?)
|
Substantivity
|
|
Chlorhexadine gluconate is poorly (What?) from the oral mucosa membranes.
|
Absorbed
|
|
Causes brown staining of the tooth
|
Chlorhexadine
|
|
Contains positively charged compounds
|
Quaternary Ammonium Compound
|
|
Ability of a drug to bind to surfaces
|
Substantivity
|
|
A water-pressure device
|
Irrigator
|
|
Oral rinse with highest percentage of alcohol
|
Listerine
|
|
True or False
Oral Rinses reach subgingivally |
False
|
|
True or False
Oral irrigation can be used with out supplementation with brushing and flossing. |
False
|
|
True or False
Chlorhexadine gluconate has high substantivity to the oral mucous membranes. |
True
|
|
True or False
Chlorhexadine is considered to be a second generation agent |
True
|
|
Listerine is considered to be a first genereation agent
|
True
|
|
It is acceptable and effective to use antimicrobial mouthrinses as the only oral hygiene method of self care.
|
False
|
|
Hydrogen Peroxide should be used undiluted as an oral rinse
|
False
|
|
Povidine iodine is antibacterial
|
True
|
|
What is the percentage of alchohol found in Peridex?
|
12.0% (or 11.0%)
|
|
All the following are first-generation EXCEPT one. Which on is the exception?
a. Listerine b. Cepacol c. PerioGard d. Hydrogen peroxide e. Viadent Advance Care |
c. Periogard
|
|
Which classification does Listerine belong to?
|
Phenolics
|
|
Most oral rinses are indicated for periodontitis because these antimicrobial rinses are effective against subgingival anaerobic baceria.
a. both statement and reason are correct. b. both statement and reason are incorrect. c. the statement is correct, but the reason is incorrect. d. the statement is incorrect, but the reason is correct. |
b. Both the statement and reason are INCORRECT
|
|
What percentage of alcohol is found in Listerine?
|
21.6-26.9
|
|
It is best NOT to use chloehexadine immediately after toothbrushing because the positively-charged chlorhexadine binds to negatively-charged fluoride molecules in toothpastes.
a. both statement and reason are correct. b. both statement and reason are incorrect. c. the statement is correct, but the reason is incorrect. d. the statement is incorrect, but the reason is correct. |
a. Both Statement and reason are CORRECT
|
|
What adverse side effects are commonly seen with the use of chlorhexadine?
|
Supragingival calculus formation and yellow staining of teeth and tongue
|
|
Which fluoride is best indicated for the reduction of gingival infection?
|
Stannous Fluoride
|
|
Which mouth rinse is classified as quaternary ammonium compound?
|
Scope
|
|
It is advised to tell the patient to routinely rinse with undiluted 3% hydrogen peroxide because peroxide will kill all the bacteria.
a. both statement and reason are correct. b. both statement and reason are incorrect. c. the statement is correct, but the reason is incorrect. d. the statement is incorrect, but the reason is correct. |
b. Both statement and reason are INCORRECT.
|
|
What is the primary use of oral irrigation?
|
To nonspecifically reduce bacteria and their byproducts.
|
|
Which of the following statement is true about the use of oral irrigators?
a. It is recommended to reduce ulcerations of the buccal mucosa b. Do not use for a periodontal abcess c. It can be used in place of flossing. d. AHA has established guidelines for patients requiring antibiotic prophylaxis. |
b. Do not use for periodontal abscesses.
|
|
What type of delivery systems are oral rinses clasified?
|
Topical
|
|
What type of rinses is Scope considered?
|
Cosmetic
|
|
Chlorhexadine can be used as an irrigant but should be diluted because of the high incidence of tooth staining.
a. Both statement and reason are correct. b. Both statement and reason are incorrect. c. The statement is correct, but the reason is incorrect. d. The statement is incorrect, but the reason is correct. |
a. Both statement and reason are CORRECT.
|
|
True or False:
Toothbrush and floss are superior plaque removal from tooth surface BUT have limited access to subgingival space. |
True
|
|
How far into the subgingival space does a TOOTHBRUSH reach?
|
1.5-3mm
|
|
How far into the subgingival space does FLOSS reach?
|
2-3mm
|
|
What are the four types of plaque?
|
--Supragingival Attached Plaque
--Suprag. Loosely Attached Plaque --Subgingival Attached Plaque --Subgin. Loosely Attached Plaque |
|
What does Supragingival Attached Plaque consist of and responsible for?
|
--Gram+ facultative Micros
--Responsible for Caries and Calculus formation |
|
What does Supragingival LOOSELY Attached Plaque consist of?
|
--Early=Gram+ Facultative Micros
--Mature=Gram+/- Micros |
|
What does Subgingival Attached Plaque consist of and responsible for?
|
--Gram+/- Facultative/Anaerobic
--Responsible for Root Caries and Calculus |
|
What does Subgingival LOOSELY Attached Plaque consist of?
|
--Gram- Anaerobic &Facultative and spirochetes
--Adjacent to Sulcular and Junctional Epithelium --More pathogenic than Attached plaque |
|
What is the most pathogenic and toxic form of plaque?
|
Its the SUBGINGIVAL LOOSELY Attached Plaque
|
|
What are the targets of oral irrigation?
|
--Loosely attached subgingival plaque
--Brushing & Flossing have minimal effect on established Subgingival LAP --Does NOT replace flossing --Supplements toothbrushing to reduce plaque and gingivitis --Use lower concentration of antimicrobial agent than when rinsing |
|
Who is Oral Irrigation good for?
|
-Gingivitis
-Gingivitis & Coexisting Periodontitis -Poor Oral Hygiene -Malpositioned Teeth -Orthodontics -Prosthodontics -Implants -Orthognathic Surgery -Crowns -Physically challenged patients |
|
What are the three types of irrigation tips?
|
Jet Tip; Pik Pocket Tip; and Perio Pik Tip (Also called Cannula.
|
|
A syringe with a blunted needle on the end used in oral irrigation
|
Cannula
|
|
What is the depth of delivery for the Jet tip?
|
up to 75% of the pocket depth
|
|
What is the depth of delivery for the Pik Pocket tip?
|
up to 90% of the pocket depth
|
|
-Jet tip is applied supragingivally at 90 degree angle
--direct impact of spray aids in removal of plaque and debris --deflection of spray from tooth surface results in: ---flushing action & sulcular access ---safe delivery of solution |
Mechanics of Oral Irrigation
|
|
This tip has greater interproximal distribution than rinsing
|
Jet Tip
|
|
What are the specifics for the Pik Pocket Subgingival Irrigation Tip.
|
-Site-specific tip
-Good for furcations, deep pockets, hard-to-access areas -low pressure delivery -latex-free -fits most units |
|
1-2mm subgingival irrigation of this tip for 5 seconds results in penetration of 90% in <6 mm PD and 64% in > 7mm PD, what tip is it?
|
Pik Pocket
|
|
What solution would you use in oral irrigation with inflammation?
|
Medicaments
|
|
What solution would you use in oral irrigation with NO inflammation
|
Water
|
|
What are some of the Medicaments used with oral irrigation?
|
-Chlorhexadine Digluconate
-Stannous Fluoride (Gel 0.3%-0.6%) -Phenoli Compounds (Listerine) -Povidine Iodine (Betadine) -Antibiotics |
|
What is the Chlorhexadine solution for Supragingival?
|
1 1/4 glass of water and 4 capfuls of Chlorhexadine
|
|
What is the Chlorhexadine solution for Subgingival?
|
1/4 glass water and 2 capfuls of Chlorhexadine
|
|
List some of the subgingival irrigation devices.
|
-Squeeze containers
-Push syringes -Ultrasonic devices -Non-electic: Max-i-Probe -Powered devices: Viajet; Water-Pik; Braun Oral B |
|
What is the objective of Supragingival Oral Irrigation?
|
-Flush away bacteria coronal to gingiva
-Prevent initiation of gingivitis -Decrease existing gingivitis -Deliver chemotherapeutic agents -Reduce Cytokine IL-1B |
|
What does oral irrigation do with cytokines?
|
It aids in the reduction of cytokine (IL-1B) and prostoglandin E2 which = modulation
-"pro-inflamatories in GCF -mediator of inflammatory response to tissue destruction and bone loss -Increases "anti-inflammatory" cytokines (iL-10) |