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108 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Epinephrine
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most common vasoconstrictor used in dentistry
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Paresthesia
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complication of a local; felling of being numb for a prolonged amount of time
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Intramuscular Sedation
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a needle is used to inject the sedative into muscle tissue
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Inhalation Sedation
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Used when IV sedation is difficult to administer, it is an odorless and colorless gas that provides general anesthesia
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Oral Sedation
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drugs taken before the dental (usually the night before) to relieve anxiety
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Intravenous (IV) Conscious Sedation
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When sedative drugs are administered directly inot the pt blood system
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Conscious Sedation
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The pt is placed in an altered state of consciouness
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Field Block Anesthesia
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Commonly refered to as local infiltration, however, it delievers anesthetic near larger teminal nerve branches
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Intraosseous Anesthesia
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injection that places anesthetic directly into cancellous bone (spongy bone)
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Infiltrations Anesthesia
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injection method that places anesthetic solution inot the tissues near the small terminal nerve branches
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Sedation
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a state of calmness or the process of decreasing nervous excitement
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Anesthesia
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partial or complete loss of sensation with or without the loss of consciousness caused by disease, injury, injection or inhalation
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Analgesic
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a drug that relieves pain
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carpules and cartridges
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glass container of anesthetic solution
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Toxic Reaction
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Symptoms that appear to result from overdose or excessive administration of the anesthetic solution
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Local anesthesia
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Produces a deadened area
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carpules and cartridges
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glass container of anesthetic solution
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topical anesthetic
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used before an injection to desensitize the oral mucosa and decrease discomfort
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Toxic Reaction
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Symptoms that appear to result from overdose or excessive administration of the anesthetic solution
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General anesthesia
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puts the pt in an unconscious state
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carpules and cartridges
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glass container of anesthetic solution
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Local anesthesia
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Produces a deadened area
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Analgesia
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abesnce of pain
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topical anesthetic
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used before an injection to desensitize the oral mucosa and decrease discomfort
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Toxic Reaction
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Symptoms that appear to result from overdose or excessive administration of the anesthetic solution
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Lumen
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internal opening of a needle where the anesthetic solution flows through
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General anesthesia
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puts the pt in an unconscious state
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Local anesthesia
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Produces a deadened area
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Analgesia
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abesnce of pain
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Nerve block anesthesia
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injected near main nerve trunk
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topical anesthetic
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used before an injection to desensitize the oral mucosa and decrease discomfort
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electronic dental anesthesia
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may be used when local anesthetica are contraindicated
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Lumen
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internal opening of a needle where the anesthetic solution flows through
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General anesthesia
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puts the pt in an unconscious state
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Analgesia
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abesnce of pain
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vasoconstrictors
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drugs that are added to anesthetic solution to constrict the blood vessels around the injection site and to decrease blood flow in this area
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Nerve block anesthesia
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injected near main nerve trunk
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Lumen
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internal opening of a needle where the anesthetic solution flows through
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electronic dental anesthesia
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may be used when local anesthetica are contraindicated
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vasoconstrictors
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drugs that are added to anesthetic solution to constrict the blood vessels around the injection site and to decrease blood flow in this area
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Nerve block anesthesia
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injected near main nerve trunk
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electronic dental anesthesia
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may be used when local anesthetica are contraindicated
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vasoconstrictors
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drugs that are added to anesthetic solution to constrict the blood vessels around the injection site and to decrease blood flow in this area
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computer-controlled local anesthesia
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a microprocessor that delivers a controlled pressure and volume of anesthetic solution at a rate that will commonly decrease pain
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Nitrous Oxide N2O
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combined with O2 to provide relaxation and decrease apprehension for pr during a dental procedure
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periodontal ligament injection or intraligumentary injection
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involves inserting the needle into the gingual sulcus alond the axis of the tooth to be treated
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Aspirating syringe
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most commone syringe in the dental office, it allows the operator to check the position of the needle before depositin the anesthetic solution
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intrapulpal injection
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deposits anesthetic directly into the pulp chamber or root canal of the tooth involved
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Horace WElls
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a connectucut dentist who 1st used N2O as an anesthetic during dental surgery
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National Institue of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
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federal agency responsible for conducting reaserch and making recommendations for work related sickness and health, it is a part of the CDC
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computer-controlled local anesthesia
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a microprocessor that delivers a controlled pressure and volume of anesthetic solution at a rate that will commonly decrease pain
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Nitrous Oxide N2O
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combined with O2 to provide relaxation and decrease apprehension for pr during a dental procedure
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periodontal ligament injection or intraligumentary injection
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involves inserting the needle into the gingual sulcus alond the axis of the tooth to be treated
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Aspirating syringe
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most commone syringe in the dental office, it allows the operator to check the position of the needle before depositin the anesthetic solution
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intrapulpal injection
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deposits anesthetic directly into the pulp chamber or root canal of the tooth involved
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Horace WElls
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a connectucut dentist who 1st used N2O as an anesthetic during dental surgery
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National Institue of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
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federal agency responsible for conducting reaserch and making recommendations for work related sickness and health, it is a part of the CDC
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Name the sedation and anesthesia in dentistry
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conscious sedation, IV sedation, oral sedation, inhalation anesthesia, intramuscular sedation, general anesthesia, topical anesthesia, loacal anesthesia and nitrous oxide
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what are some side effects of conscious sedation
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headaces, nausea, and brief periods of amnesia
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Name and spell the 2 most popular drugs used for oral sedation
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Halcion and Benzodiazepine
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Which anesthetic alters the CNS os that sensation or feeling is lost?
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General Anesthesia
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What is the compositioni for topica anesthetics?
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ester or amide loacal anesthetics
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give an example of an ester topical anesthetic
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Benzocaine
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Give an example of an amide topica anesthetic
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lidocaine
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what are the clinical manifestations of an allergic reaction?
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Swelling, redness, ulcerations, and difficulty swallowing
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How long should you apply topical anesthetic?
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60 sec
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What type of syringes is recommended by the ADA?
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Aspirating syringe
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When a dentist pulls back on the syringe to see if they are in a vein, what is this called?
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negative pressure or aspirating
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Which injection would be given if the dentist wants to work on individual teeth?
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Infiltration (field block)
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t/f the location of an infiltration injection is near the mucobuccal fold?
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false, the location of an infiltration injection is near the apex of the tooth and is most commonly used on the maxillary anteriors
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Name the parts of an aspirating syringe
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thumb ring, finger grip, syringe barrel, plunger or piston rod, harpoon, threaded end of the syringe
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explaine the thumb ring of an aspirating syringe
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a ring for the operator's thumb all ows the operator to aspirate and apply force during the injection
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What hold the cartridge and is open on one side you the operator can see the amount of anesthetic administered?
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the syringe barrel
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What is the short needle used for?
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injections that require little penetration of teh soft tissues.
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give an example of the type of injection that the short needle would be used for.
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infiltration and field block injections and some nerve block injections like the mental nerve block and some periodontal ligamnet injections
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what is the long needle used for?
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most nerve block injections such as infraorbital, buccal and maxillary and mandibular nerve block
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what are the needle gauges used in dentistry.
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25, 27, and 30
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t/f The smaller the gauge, the larger the diameter of the needle
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true
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for those pt that do not like the feeling of numb lip or tongue, name 2 types of injections that can be used
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intraosseous anesthesia, and periodontal ligament injection
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What is the abrivation for nitrous oxide?
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N2O
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anesthetic that produces a deadened or pain-free area is called ______
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local anesthetic
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topoica anesthetic are avalile in ______, _______ and _____
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gels, ointments and metered sprays (also the patch, but it is not commonly used)
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an injection that deposits anesthetic near a large terminal nerve branch and is mainly used for treatment on the maxillary or mandibular anterior regions is___
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field block injection
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a drug that is added to anesthetic solutions to reduce blood flow areound the injection site is called ____
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a vasoconstrictor
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before passing the anesthetic syringe the dental assistand adjuste the bevel of the needle which way?
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towar the alvelorar bone
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pt report a floating sensation, tingling fingers and the feeling that time is passing quickly on what type of sedation
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inhilation sedation specifically when using N2O
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who was the first dentist to use nirtous oxide as an anesthetic during dental surgery?
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Horace Wells
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What does SSC mean?
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Stainless steal crowns
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Describe Halcion
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Rx strength, 3 tabs prescribed, 2 are taken at bed time the night before the procedure, and one is taken one hour before the procedure
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what type of sedation is most commonly used in peds?
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intramuscular sedation
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When performing a deep cleaning, what is the topical anesthetic mainly used to deaden the gingival area?
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Oraqix
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What are some usages for injections?
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numbing, stop bleeding, used ininvasive procedures and for crowns and bridges
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Explain a hemostatic solution
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a solution used to reduce blood flow to an area
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what is the most common heomstatic solution used?
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Hemodent
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What drug is most typically used that has the same effect as lidocaine but works faster and is more expensive?
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Septocaine
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What numbing agent is injected when a pt is pregnantor pt with heart problems?
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Citanest plain, bc it has no epi
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supraginvial means
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above the gum line
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subgingival means
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below the gum line
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t/f pts with periodisease require more frequent cleanings
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true
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what is the procedure for applying topical solution?
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review pt chart for medical history, explain to the pt what you are going to do, take a 2x2 gause and wipe the area dry after move the cheek or lip, then apply topical for 60 seconds
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what type of injection involves injecting into the small terminal nerve? involving 1-3 teeth?
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local injection
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what type of injeciton involves injecting anesthetic into the large terminal nerve and is mostly justed for a mental block
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field block
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what type of injection is used when the dentist is working on 4-5 teeth at one time.
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nerve block injection
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how long is the long needle and what color cap does it have?
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1 5/8in, yellow
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how long is the short needle and what color cap does it have?
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1 in, blue
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mainly the long needle is used in on the _______
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mandibular region
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mainly the short needle is used on the
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manillary region
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What is the stabident system used for?
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giving intraosseous anesthesia
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