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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
who came up with the system of binomial nomenclature?
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linnaeus
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list the 7 taxa from most general to specific
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Kingdom
Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species |
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what two names are all organisms assigned?
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genus and species
ex: humans are "homo sapiens" |
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what is the most common classification system today, that is based on DNA analysis?
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the 3-domain system
-bacteria -archaea -eukarya |
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what are the classifications in the outdated 5-domain classification system?
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-Monera
-Protista -Fungi -Plantae -Animalia |
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**what are the notable changes between the 5-domain and more current 3 domain classifaction systems?**
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the prokaryotic domain of "monera" is split into 'bacteria' and 'archaea' while protista, fungi, plantae, and animalia are grouped under 'eukarya'
resulting in a downsize from 5 to 3 domains |
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what do the domain bacteria and archaea have in common?
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both prokaryotic -no internal membranes
both single-celled |
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which domain constitutes extremeophiles?
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archaea (or.. formerly, monera)
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do archaea and bacteria both have cell walls that contain peptidoglycan?
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no, bacteria does contain it, archaea does not
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do eukarya have peptidoglycan in cell wall?
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no, only bacteria do
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what is 'protista'
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a kingdom under the eukarya domain
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does the kingdom protista include heterotrophs or autotrophs?
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both
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are fungi heterotrophs or autotrophs?
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heterotrophs! they are NONphotosynthetic
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what two kingdom of eukarya contain heterotrophs? what contains autotroph? what contains both?
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plantae = autotroph
protista = both animalia = heterotroph fungi = heterotroph |
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it is obvious what falls into the animal, plant and fungi kingdoms, but what falls into the protist kingdom?
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single and primitive multicellular organisms that do not fit in the plant or fungi kingdom
Ex: seaweed, slimemold, amoeba, paramecium, and euglena. |
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how many phyla are in the animalia kingdom?
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35
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is the animalia kingdom monophyletic? what does that mean?
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yes, it means all animal lineages can be traced back to one common ancestor
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how do amoeba, paramecium and euglena move respectively?
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amoeba = pseudopods
paramecium = cilia eugelena = flagella |
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*how do cilia and flagella move?
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microtubules
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*how do pseudopods move?
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microfilaments
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are viruses considered living?
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no, because they cannot function outside of a host cell
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what is cyanobacteria?
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blue-green algae classified under the 'bacteria' domain
contain photosynthetic pigments |
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can bacteria be photosynthetic?
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YES
ex: cyanobacteria |
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what is the phlya porifera? what are some characteristics?
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sponges:
-sessile -have pores -2 cell layers -asexual and hermaphroditic reproduction -no symmetry |
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what is the phyla cnidarian? what are some characteristics?
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hydra and jellyfish:
-radial sym. -asexual and sexual reproduction -stinging cells! cnidocytes! -gastrovascular cavity -2 cell layers |
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what is the phyla platyhelminthes? characteristics?
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flatworms:
- 3 full cell layers (ecto, endo & meso) -no coelom -only one opening (mouth/anus) |
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what is the simplest animal with bilateral sym?
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flatworm (platyhelminthes)
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what is the phlya nematoda?
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roundworms
-have pseudocoelom -often parasitic |
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what is the phyla annelida?
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segmented worms:
-tube w/in a tube digestion -closed circulatory system -hermaphrodites |
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what is the phyla mollusca?
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slugs, octopus, squid, clams, snails:
- have head-foot (sensory & motor organs) -soft bodies but some secrete calcium carbonate shells |
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what is the phyla arthropoda?
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insects, spiders, crustaceans (crabs, shrimp)
-jointed appendages -segemented (head, thorax, ab) -open circulatory system |
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what is the phyla echinodermata?
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star fish, sea urchins
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what is the phlya chordata?
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fish, reptiles, birds, mammals
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which phylum has a pseudocoelom?
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nematoda
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which phyla are deuterostomes?
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echinodermata & chordata
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which phylums only have 2 germ cell layers?
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porifera and cnidaria
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what are chordates characterized by?
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notochord
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what's a monetreme?
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mammal that lays leathery eggs and has mammary glands with no nipples. ex: duckbilled platypus
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what is the coelom?
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fluid-filled body cavity, arrises from mesoderm
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in protosomes, what does the blastopore become?
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the mouth
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in dueterosomes, what does the blastopore become?
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the anus
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what phyla have only 2 germ layers?
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porifera and cnideria
(have ectoderm and endoderm and mesoglea) |
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which phyla are acoelmates? what does that mean?
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no coelom
porifera, cnidaria, platyhelminthes |
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which phyla are psuedocoelomates?
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nematoda
hydrostatic skeleton. |
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what are fungi cell wall made of?
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chitin
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