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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Dyes, antimicrobials, and salts are examples of selective agents used for what type of media?
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selective
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PEA agar is an example of what type of media
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Selective. It inhibits gram – microorganisms
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Differential media distinguishes
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Microorganisms that have a defined metabolic activity over others that lack it
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How do you know if anything changes for a differential media culture?
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It has an observable change such as pH color change.i.e. simmons citrate agar (green to blue)
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Selective/differential media example
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mannitol salt agar
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Mannitol salt agar medium selective/differential
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Salt will inhibit all growth except for staphylococcus species
Differential only the aureus sp. |
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PEAB – Phenylethyl alcohol agar with blood
supports gram + or gram – |
gram +
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Columbia blood agar inhibits...
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gram –
CNA (Colistin, naladixic acid) |
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mannitol salt agar is selective for staphylococci which the aureus sp ferments....
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mannitol, which drops the pH turning the area yellow.
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Why is staphylococci selected on mannitol salt agar media
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b/c salt tolerant
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Tinsdale medium primarily isolates what?
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corynebacterium diptheriae
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Tinsdale medium is based off what?
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thiosulfate–tellurite
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How do corynebacterium appear?
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black colonies surrounded by dark gray halos
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Why does tinsdale medium isolate corynebacterium diptheriae?
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b/c potassium–tellurite is inhibitory to gram + and many gram – except for corynebacterium diptheriae
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Which medium is rich in phospholipids?
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Egg yolk medium
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What is differentiated out of egg yolk medium?
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Clostridium sp. with lecithinase activity
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What does the lecithinase do in the egg yolk medium?
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degrades phospholipids into insoluble diglycerides
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Thayer martin agar is based off?
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blood
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Thayer martin agar is selective for
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Neisseria meningitidis |
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Thayer martin agar contaminating microorganisms are inhibited by
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colistan, nystatin, vancomycin, trimethoprim, lincomycin
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In MacConkey agar medium, e–coli ferments what?
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lactose
red indicator changes to dark pink/red |
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EMB Agar contains what and differentiates what?
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Lactose
Lactose fermenters/non–fermenters |
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EMB Agar medium results in...
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metallic green colonies (fermentation of lactose)
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E–coli is a lactose fermenter or lactose non–fermenter?
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fermenter
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Hektoen Enteric Agar selects?
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Salmonella and shigella
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In hektoen enteric agar, the bile salts inhibit gram + and some gram – except for...
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salmonella and shigella
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EMB Agar contains what and differentiates what?
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Lactose
Lactose fermenters/non–fermenters |
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EMB Agar medium results in...
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metallic green colonies (fermentation of lactose)
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E–coli is a lactose fermenter or lactose non–fermenter?
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fermenter
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Hektoen Enteric Agar selects?
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Salmonella and shigella
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In hektoen enteric agar, the bile salts inhibit gram + and some gram – except for...
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salmonella and shigella
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Are salmonella and shigella fermenters or non fermenters?
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non–fermenters
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xylose lysine desoxycholate agar isolates?
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Salmonella and shigella
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What distinguishes salmonella from shigella?
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H2S production, xylose fermentation, lysine decarboxylation
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Bordet–gengou (BG) agar is based on?
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potato glycerol
Defibrinated blood |
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What is BG agar selective for?
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Bordetella pertusis (whooping cough)
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Bordetella pertusis pathogenecity?
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Exotoxin
Tracheal Cytotoxin Hemoagglutin |
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BCYE Agar medium is made of
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Yeast extract, charcoal and salts
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BCYE agar is selective for
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Legionella sp.
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TCBS Agar selects and differentiates
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Vibrio sp.
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What is the causative agent for cholera, diarrhea, food poisoning?
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Vibrio sp.
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CIN (cefsulodinlrgasan–novobiocin) agar selects for?
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Yersinia Sp.
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What appears as colonies with red pigmented "bullseye" in the middle of each colony?
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Yersinia
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Lowenstein Jensen Agar is based off?
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Egg
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lowenstein–jensen agar selects for?
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mycobacterium
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Middle brook agar is similar to lowenstein–jensen agar how?
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Both contain malachite green
Both select for mycobacterium |
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How is middle brook agar different then lowenstein–jensen?
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Its more chemically defined
OADC, stimulates egg components |
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MES Ureaplasma agar isolates?
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ureaplasma urealyticum
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What does MES agar contain?
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horse serum
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What is the significance of horse serum in MES agar?
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It stabilizes micro–organisms that lack a cell wall
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What does the MES agar colony look like?
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Fried egg
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Resolution |
The shortest distance between two points in a microscope's field of view that can be distinguished. |
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Parfocal |
When moving from a lower to a higher magnification, the image of the specimen is close to being in focus. |
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Total magnification |
Magnification by objective lens x magnification of the ocular lens. |
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Hanging drop |
Drop of water and broth are placed on a cover slip which is then placed on a depression slide with a Vaseline surrounded depression. |
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Wet mount |
A drop of water is added to the slide. Bacteria is then inoculated into drop of water. The edge of the cover slip on the slide touching the edge of the water. Cover slip is slowly lowered to prevent the formation of air bubbles. |
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Simple staining |
Heat fix smear. Add stain for 1 minute. Rinse with water. Add iodine for 1 minute. Rinse with water. Blot dry. |
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Negative staining |
Inoculate slide with drop of bacteria. Add a drop of Nigrosin. Use the edge of another slide to drag the dye across the slide. Let air dry and heat fix. |
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Gram staining |
Inoculate slide and let air dry. Heat fix. Apply crystal violet for one minute. Rinse with water. Apply iodine for 1 minute. Rinse with alcohol. Rinse with water. Apply Safranin for 1 minute. Rinse with water and blot dry. |
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Acid-fast procedure |
Inoculate slide and air dry. Heat fix. Apply Carbolfuchsin for 3 minutes. Rinse with water. Rinse with alcohol. Rinse with water. Add methylene blue for one minute. Rinse with water and air dry. |
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Endospore stain procedure |
Inoculate slide and air dry. Heat fix. Apply Malachite Green on napkin on slide. Leave over steam bath for 15 minutes. Remove napkin. rinse with water. Apply safranin for 2 minutes. Rinse slide and blot dry. |
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Capsule stain procedure |
Add a drop of Congo red stain to the slide. inoculate Congo red with bacteria. Take a second slide, place the edge against the drop and slide back over slide. Air dry. Cover with Maneval's satin for a minute. Rinse with water. |