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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are some geography sub disciplines?
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Physical: Meteorology/Climatology, Biogeography, Geodesy, Oceanography, Paleogeography, Glaciology, Geomorphology, Landscape Ecology, Hydrology,
Human: Demography, Medical Geography, Political Geography, Economic Geography |
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What is human geography?
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The study of
1) How people make places 2) How we organize space and society 3) How we interact with each other 4) How we make sense of ourselves |
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Five Themes of Geography
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1) Location
2) Place 3) Movement 4) Human-Environment Interaction 5) Region |
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Types of Maps
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Reference maps: focus on accuracy in showing the absolute locations of places and geographic features
Thematic maps: tell stories, typically showing the degree of some attribute or the movement of a geographic phenomenon |
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Sequent Occupance
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The sequential imprints of occupants, whose impacts are layered one on top of the other, each layer having some impact on the next.
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Pandemics
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Worldwide outbreaks of disease.
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Region
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Features of the Earth's surface tend to be concentrated in particular areas, which we call regions.
1) Functional Regions: defined by a particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it. 2) Perceptual Regions: intellectual constructs designed to help us undertand the nature and distribution of |
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Scale
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Concept employed to understand individual, local, regional, national, and global interrelationships.
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Cholera Map
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In 1854, Dr. John Snow mapped cases of cholera in London's Soho district, concluding that the outbreak was tied to contaminated water.
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What is culture?
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An all-encompassing term that identifies not only the whole tangible lifestyle of peoples, but also their prevailing values and beliefs.
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Cultural Hearth
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An area where cultural traits develop and diffuse from.
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Environmental Determinism
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Holds that human behavior, individually and collectively, is strongly affected by, even controlled or determined by, the physical environment.
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Possibilisim
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Doctrine that the choices that a society makes depend on what its members need and the technology available to them.
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Population Distribution
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Location on the Earth's surface where individuals or groups live.
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Population Density
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A country's total population relative to land size.
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How many people live in China?
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1.35 billion people; currently, it is the most populated country on the planet.
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How many people live in India?
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1.2 billion people; will become the most populated country by 2020.
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What is the most densely populated country on Earth?
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Bangladesh, with 163 million people in an area the size of Iowa.
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Megalopolis
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A huge urban agglomeration; Boston, NYC, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington D.C.
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How do you calculate growth rate?
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Total Births – Total Deaths = Growth Rate
Does not account for immigration and emigration. |
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Population Composition
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The structure of a population in terms of age, sex, and other properties such as marital status and education.
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Population Pyramids
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Visually represent the age and sex of a population.
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Vectored Diseases
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Transmitted by a microbe; malaria.
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Nonvectored Diseases
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Not transmitted by a microbe; HIV/AIDS.
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Types of Movement
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1) Cyclic
2) Periodic 3) Migration |
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Migration
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Permanent relocation across significant distances.
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Atlantic Slave Trade
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The largest and most devastating forced migration in the history of humanity.
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Push Factors
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Conditions and perceptions that help migrants decide to leave a place; work/retirement conditions, cost of living, personal safety and security, environmental catastrophes.
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Pull Factors
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Circumstances that attract migrants to certain locales from other places; help decide where to go.
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Refugee
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A person who has a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a certain social group, or political opinion.
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Internally Displaced People
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People who have been displaced within their own countries, but do not cross borders as they flee.
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Asylum
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The right to protection in the first country in which the refugee arrives.
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What is culture?
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A group of belief systems, norms and values practiced by a people.
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Popular Culture
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Large, incorporates heterogeneous populations, typically urban, and experiences quickly changing cultural traits.
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Folk Culture
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Small, incorporates homogeneous populations, typically rural, and is cohesive in cultural traits.
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Material Culture
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Things a culture constructs, such as art, houses, clothing, sports, dance, and food.
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Nonmaterial Culture
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Beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values of a group of people.
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Assimilation
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A policy to assimilate indigenous cultures into the dominant culture; ie. U.S. policies towards Native Americans in the 1800s and 1900s.
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Commodification
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The process through which something that previously was not regarded as an object to be bought or sold becomes an object that can be bought, sold, and traded in the world market.
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Placelessness
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The loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape to the point that one place looks like the next.
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Identity
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We construct identities through experiences, emotions, connections, and rejections. We may also identify against other people by defining the "other" and then defining ourselves in opposing terms.
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Race
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The product of ways of viewing minor genetic differences that developed as modern humans spread around the world. Many assumptions grew out of the period of European exploration and colonialism.
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