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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Ethnocentrism
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Tendency to look at the world from the perspective of one's own culture. Think your culture & aspects of it are superior to others
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Positive aspect of ethnocentrism
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Helps to cement the culture and maintain your cultural heritage
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Participant observation
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A research strategy where you take part in the culture to learn more about it
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Modern day studies/functions in anthropology
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Physical or biological
Cultural |
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Areas of Physical or biological anthropology
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Evolution
Physical Variations Primatology Medical Anthropology |
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Areas of Cultural anthropology
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Archaeology
Linguistics Ethnography Urban Anthropology Anthropology of women Applied anthropology Cultural Ecology |
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Physical or biological anthropology: Evolution
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Study of ancient man
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Physical or biological anthropology: Evolution - Polygenists
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Several Adam & Eves
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Physical or biological anthropology: Evolution - Monogenists
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One Adam & Eve who adapted to their environment
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Cultural anthropology: Cultural Ecology
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Study of the influence of the environment on society
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Physical or biological anthropology: Physical variations
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Study of Genetics and adaptations
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Physical or biological anthropology: Primatology
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Study behavior of primates so we can better understand ourselves
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Physical or biological anthropology: Medical Anthropology
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Type of Applied Anthropology
Bridges the gap between biological & cultural. Study the physical health of a culture and who cures people Immunization without making the shaman mad, dental & nutritional health |
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Cultural Anthropology
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Study of patterns of life within human society whether existing or extinct
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Cultural Anthropology: Archaeology
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Study material remains from past societies to describe & explain those cultures either through artifacts alone (pre-historic) or written records (historic)
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Cultural Anthropology:Linguistics
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Study of how words change, who talks more, how we talk. Want to save languages
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Cultural Anthropology: Ethnography
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Incorporates fieldwork to provide a descriptive study of human societies. Holistic research method founded on the idea that a systems properties cannot necessarily be accurately understood independently of each other.
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Cultural Anthropology: Urban Anthropology
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Study of people living in cities.
Gangs - like tribes Neighborhoods - mini cultures Occupations Street kids |
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Cultural Anthropology: Anthropology of Women
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Studies the role of women in society, the power of women, equality
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Cultural Anthropology: Applied Anthropology
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Take the knowledge you learned in school and apply it to practical problems.
e.g. Farming - large vs. small scale combine western & traditional medicine Traditional cultures participating in global economics |
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Cultural Anthropology: Applied Anthropology Types
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Medical
Forensic Salvage |
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Cultural Anthropology: Archaeology: types of prehistoric artifacts
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Wall paintings
Houses Bones Burial Sites Trash |
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Culture
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Everything people have, think, and everything you do as a member of society
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Components of culture
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1. Learned
2. Shared 3. Symbolic 4. Adaptive 5. Changing 6. Integrated 7. Organizes |
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Culture is learned
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By observation
Enculturation Education Values, beliefs, behavior |
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Culture is shared
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differences in sharing by
Age and gender Status Subcultures Pluralistic society |
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Culture is symbolic
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Verbal and non verbal
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Culture is adaptive
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Customs respond to cultural and social environment to ensure survival
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Culture is changing
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Shared behaviors can be modified or replaced over time either from within or without
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Culture is integrated
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One change begins a chain reaction
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Cultural relativity
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Cultural patterns are best understood when seen through the culture itself
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Biocultural model
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Biology and culture influence one another
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Enculturation
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the process where an individual learns the accepted norms and value emphasis of an established culture through repetition so that the individual can become an accepted member of the society and find his or her suitable role
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Imitative and contagious magic
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Imitative - Imitate what you want to happen
Contagious - use something that belongs to a person (hair, fingernails) and do magic over them |