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33 Cards in this Set
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An individual that has certain rights guaranteed by government.
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Citizen
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A system of law based on previous court decisions.
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Common Law
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System of hereditary rule that limits the power of the monarch with a written document that sets up checks and balances on power.
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Constitutional Monarchy
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Rule by the people (Aristotle)
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Democracy
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Democracy in which citizens make the laws.
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Direct Democracy
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The structures and institutions (branches) that allocate political power.
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Government
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1st monotheistic religion. Old Testament~Moses, Abraham
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Judaism
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Traditions that set up the basis of morality of law. Contribute to concepts of fairness, justice, equality, and tolerance.
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Judeo-Christian Tradition
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The task of government to carry out the law.
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Justice
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"Great Letter" or "Great Charter" presented to King John in 1215 that limited the right of the king, and required consent of the lords.
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MAGNA CARTA
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The hereditary transition of executive power. (Divine right)
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Monarchy
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Rights guaranteed by birth (life, liberty,property/happiness) John Locke
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Natural Rights
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Representative democracy (Example-Rome)
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Republic
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Order and consent to obey the laws of the state/government
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Rule of Law
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Obligations by citizens to obey the law in exchange for protection of rights by government (Rosseau)
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Social Contract
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Seizing power by force (Coup d 'etat) or a ruler that does not protect the peoples rights-like a dinosaur
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Tyranny
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1st Ten Amendments to the US Constitution-Protections of individual rights
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Bill of Rights
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Document that explained the complaints against King George III and parliament by the US colonists
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Declaration of Independence
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Belief that god endows monarchs with the right to be king or queen
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Divine Right
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Document presented to the King in 1689 that lays out certain individual rights. Becomes the foundation of the Bill of Rights.
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English Bill of Rights
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Document written by the National Assembly that lays out the rights of French citizens. Modeled on the US Declaration on Independence and Bill of Rights.
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Declaration of the Rights of Man
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Events that lead to the overthrow of the French monarchy, lead to the Reign of Terror, a directory government, and end with the Napoleonic Empire
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French Revolution
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Often referred to as the Revolution on Horseback. General who becomes Emperor of France.
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Napoleon Bonaparte
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Ideology marked by strong ethnic, linguistic, or cultural feelings and drive to form a separate nations
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Nationalism
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Legislative branch in England that consists of two houses (House of Lords and House of Commons)
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Parliament
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Philosopher that wrote about the separation of powers in three branches and the concept of checks and balances
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Montesquieu
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Philosopher that strongly believed in freedom of speech and expression. Foundation of the First Amendment
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Voltaire
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Division of power into three branches.
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Separation of Powers.
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Change in one type of government to a new type of government through use of force or peaceful means.
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Revolution
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Movement that starts in Italy (Florence) that renews interest in humanism mainly through art
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Renaissance
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Movement in Europe that challenged the old order of the Catholic Church and resulted in the emergence of Protestant Religions (Martin Luther)
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Reformation
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Movement that begins to challenge long held beliefs about the age of the planet, the center of the solar system, and the beliefs of the church
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Scientific Revolution
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Movement that changed the way people looked at the world around them and started to question the old order.
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Enlightenment
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