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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is and Where is cranial nerve IV located and is it motor, sensory, or autonomic?
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Trochlear. Right above med long fasciculus and fibers wrap around periaqueductal gray matter- decussates!
Motor only |
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What eye muscle does it innervate?
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Superior oblique muscle
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Describe superior oblique muscle and its contraction
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Runs on medial side of eye and has a pulley which makes it turn caudally,
Contraction causes downward rotation |
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Facts about Trochlear nerve
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only cranial nerve to exit dorsally
longest intracranial course Fewest axons of any cranial nerve only motor nerve to decussate |
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What are the afferent nuclei of cranial nerve V?
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Trigeminal.
Spinal-pain and temp from face Pontine- touch from face Mesencephalic -jaw proprioception Motor-motor cortex |
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What are the 3 sensory branches and where do they go?
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1. Opthalamic- eye and nasal cavity, can influence olfaction
2. Maxillary-teeth of upper jaw 3. Mandibular- lower jaw |
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Where do the 3 sensory branches all run through?
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semilunar ganglia
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What are the Trigeminal reflexes?
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Motor (jaw reflex-chewing)
Facial (corneal blink) Nucleus ambiguus (sneeze reflex) Dorsal motor nucleus (salivation) Inferior salivatory nucleus (salivation) Hypoglossal nucleus (tongue movement) Superior salvatory nucleus (tearing) |
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What is cranial nerve VI and where is it located?
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Abducens, pons
lat to mlf and below facial |
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What does VI innervate?
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lat rectus of eye
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What is the lateral gaze center?
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coordinates action of abducens and occulomotor to coordinate lat and med rectus
this is located in the pons |
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What is VII and where is it located?
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Facial
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Where does the motor part of facial go to?
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all facial muscles
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Where does the visceral motor component of facial go to?
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salvatory glands
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where does special sensory of facial go?
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taste
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Where does general sensory of facial nerve go?
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part of ear
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What is the nervous intermedius?
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All facial components except motor
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What course does the facial nerve take?
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come up and loop around abducens to make the floor of the 4th ventricle which is called the facial colliculus
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Name the 4 nuclei of the facial nerve
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1. Superior salvatory-forms visceral motor-runs to tears and nose and goes to ptergopalatine ganglia
b. Can also go to submandibular ganglia and sub salvatory glands 2. facial nucleus- somatic motor |
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What is the sensory input of the facial nerve?
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1. anterior 2/3 of tongue and part of ear go to the geniculate ganglia
-goes to spinal trigeminal nucleus (sharing!) and solitary nucleus |
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What are the facial motor afferents?
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1. corticobulbar- deciding to smile
2. basal ganglia- emotion |
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What are the facial reflexes?
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1. superor olive (sound)
2. trigeminal (blinking) 3. superior colliculus (eye closure) |
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What is cranial nerve VIII?
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Vestibulocochlear
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What are the two components of VIII?
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cochlear part on outside of peduncle (dorsal and ventral nuclei)
vestibular on inside (4 nuclei) |
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What happens when the nerve goes to the cochlear?
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Cochlear splits between dorsal and ventral nuclei which relays up to superior olivary nucleus and always decussates to form trapezoid body to determine which side sound is on
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What is the rest of the course for the VIII?
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Inferior colliculus to med geniculate body to auditory cortex
all are tonotopically mapped-auditory beltway |
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What is the auditory cortex?
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superior temporal gyrus-covers up insula-operculum
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How do the afferents and efferents work in the cochlear portion VIII?
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Beltway acts as both to physiologically protect ear
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Where does the vestibular component go?
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Starts in vestibular ganglia to vestibular nuclei to cerebellum or vest ganglia goes directly to cerebellum
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What are the ascending afferents to the VIII?
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1. Up to cerebellum
2. to SC as vestibulospinal 3. To III, IV, VI, for eye movements 4. to VPM of thalamus to motor cortex |
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What is cranial nerve IX?
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glossopharnygeal
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What are the IX components?
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1. Motor-to face
2. Visceral- to pharynx and larynx 3. Visceral sensory- to carotid sinus 4. Gen sensory-skin, ear, back of throat 5. special sensory- taste from back of tongue |
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What are the three ganglia of IX?
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1. Otic-carotid
2 and 3. superior and inferior ganglia-top of throat |
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What are the taste buds?
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sour, salty, sweet, bitter
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What nucleus do all 3 ganglia go to?
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Solitary nucleus
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What is cranial nerve IX?
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glossopharnygeal
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What are the IX components?
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1. Motor-to face
2. Visceral- to pharynx and larynx 3. Visceral sensory- to carotid sinus 4. Gen sensory-skin, ear, back of throat 5. special sensory- taste from back of tongue |
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What are the three ganglia of IX?
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1. Otic-carotid
2 and 3. superior and inferior ganglia-top of throat |
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What are the taste buds?
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sour, salty, sweet, bitter
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What nucleus do all 3 ganglia go to?
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gustatory part of Solitary nucleus
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What is the course of the IX?
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from ganglia to solitary nucleus
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Describe the pathways of the IX? power point slide
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The functions are not shared but the nuclei are shared
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Cranial nerve X, what are the 4 nuclei?
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1. ventral motor- nucleus ambiguus
2. dorsal motor- dorsal nucleus 1 and 2 are automonic 3. solitary nucleus 4. spinal trigeminal |
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What does vagus do?
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thorax and visceral autonomic components
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XI what does it do?
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Motor only, nucleus is ripped apart
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What are the 2 components of XI?
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nucleus ambiguus and spinal cord
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What is the pathway of the spinal component?
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Into foramen magnum and comes out of jugular foramen to split into internal and external ramus to go to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
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What does XII do?
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hypoglossal
motor only runs in inferior olivary nucleus goes to muscles of tongue |