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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1. patterns of motion among large bodies
2. two major types of planets 3. asteroids and comets 4. exceptions to the rules |
Four major features of our solar system that provide clues to how it formed
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Terrestrial planets
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The four inner planets. they are relatively small and dense, with rocky surfaces and an abundance of metals deep in their interiors.
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Jovian planets
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Four large planets of the outer solar solar system. They are larger in sixe and lower in average density than the terrestrial planets, and they have rings and many moons. They lack solid surface.
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Asteroids, asteroid belt.
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large rocky bodies that orbit the sun much like planes, but are much smaller. The belt is located between mars and Jupiter.
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Comets
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made largely of ices mixed with rock.
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Kuiper belt: Oort cloud.
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regions comets orbit. ____ is a donut-shaped region beyond the orbit of Neptune, and one much further from the sun ____
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Uranus and Venus
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What planets are considered exceptions to the rules of the solar system ?____ rotates on its side and _____ backwards.
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Nebula hypothesis
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German philosopher Immanuel Kant and later Pierre-Simon Laplace proposed that our solar system formed from the gravitational collapse of an interstellar cloud of gas.
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Close encounter hypothesis
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hypothesis that the planets formed from blobs of gas that had been gravitationally pulled out of the sun during the near-collision
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nebula theory
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Theory on how the universe was made from a cloud of gas called solar nebula
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heating, spinning, and flattening
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As solar nebula shrank in size, what three important processes altered its density, temperature, and shape, changing it from a large, diffuse cloud to a much smaller spinning disk...Creating the orderly motions.
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98
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Hydrogen and helium gas made up ___% of the solar nebula's mass and did not condense, the vast majority of the nebula remained gaseous at all times.
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frost line
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the minimum distance at which it was cold enough for ice to condense_which lay between the present-day orbits of mars and Jupiter. this marked a key transition between the warm inner regions of the solar system and cool outer ones.
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accretion
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the process by which small "seeds" grew into planets
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Planetesimals
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"pieces of planets" that created the asteroids meteoroids and comets
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Jovian
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the ___ planets began as large, icy planetesimals, which then captured hydrogen and helium gas from the solar nebula
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giant impact
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We most likly got our moon as the result of a ___ ___between earth and a huge planetesimal
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radiometric dating
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most reliable method for measuring the age of a rock by carfuly measuring the proportions of various atoms and isotopes in the rock.
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transit:Eclipsed
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we observe a ____ when the planet passes in front of the star, and the planet is ___ when it passes behind the star.
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Doppler
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Most discovers to date have been made with the _____ Doppler technique, in which Doppler shifts reveal the gravitational tof of a planet (or planets) on a star
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Hot
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MOst known extrasolar planets have orbits surprisingly close to there stars making them hot____
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half life
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____ means each year results in a decay of half the remaining entity
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Earth and Jupiter
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The largest terrestrial planet and Jovian planet are , respectively .....
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asteroids
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are comets, asteroids or Jovian planets closer to the sun on average?
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