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What are Mallory-Weiss tears, and what are they associated with?
Longitudinal mucosal tears near the gastroesophageal junction.
Most often associated with severe retching or vomiting secondary to acute alcohol intoxication
Comes from rapid change in gastrointestinal pressure
Pathogenesis of Mallory-Weiss tears
What is Boerhaave syndrome?
Difference between dysphagia (1) and odynophagia (2)
1) Difficulty swallowing
2) pain with swallowing
Presentation, morphology and predisposing factors for oral "thrush" and candidiasis of the esophagus.
Morphology of graft-versus-host esophagitis
Pathophysiology of Reflux Esophagitis
Normally, submucosal glands in proximal and distal esophagus secrete mucin and bicarbonate to protect stratified squamous of the esophagus from acid
The tone of the lower esophageal sphincter prevents reflux of acidic gastric contents.
Clinical presentation, and treatment of GERD
Presentation of hiatal hernia
Separation of diaphragmatic crura and protrusion of stomach into thorax through the gap
Presents like GERD with heartburn and regurgitation of gastric juices.
Morphology of reflux esophagitis
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