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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following organizations sets the guidelines for the management of hypertension? Answer AThe American Society of Hypertension Physicians BSociety for Vascular Medicine CThe Joint National Committee DThe Judicial Nominating Commission EThe Joint National Commission
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CThe Joint National Committee |
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Jermaine, a 63 year old black male, is a newly diagnosed diabetes type 2 patient. He is also found to have hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, chronic kidney disease and peripheral arterial disease. Which of the following medications would be appropriate to start first-line for BP control according to JNC 8? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer AThiazide-type diuretics BACE Inhibitors CARBs DCalcium channel blockers EBeta-blockers
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BACE Inhibitors CARBs |
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Randi presents to the emergency department with chest pain and shortness of breath. Randi's blood pressure is 195/115 mmHg, heart rate is 102 BPM and he is found to be having an acute myocardial infarction. Which of the following agents is most appropriate for lowering Randi's blood pressure? Answer AFenoldopam IV BHydralazine IV CCaptopril PO DNitroglycerin IV EMetoprolol PO |
DNitroglycerin IV |
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Benice is a 71 year old African-American female with hypertension. Her last BP reading was 165/101mmHg and she is willing to be started on medication. According to JNC 8, which of the following statements are correct for treating Benice? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer ABenice should be started on either an ACE inhibitor, ARB, CCB and/or thiazide-type diuretic BBenice should be started on either a CCB and/or thiazide-type diuretic. CBenice should be treated to a goal BP of < 150/90 mmHg DBenice should be treated to a goal BP of < 140/90 EBenice can be started on 2 medications initially |
BBenice should be started on either a CCB and/or thiazide-type diuretic. CBenice should be treated to a goal BP of < 150/90 mmHg
EBenice can be started on 2 medications initially |
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A cardiologist has ordered nebivolol 5 mg PO daily for Mr. Smith. What is the mechanism of action of nebivolol? (SelectALL that apply.) Answer AInhibitor of beta1- and 2-adrenergic receptors BInhibitor of beta1-adrenergic receptors CProduces nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation DInhibitor of alpha1 and alpha2-adrenergic receptors EInhibitor of alpha1-adrenergic receptors |
BInhibitor of beta1-adrenergic receptors CProduces nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation |
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Jay is a 62 year-old African American male. His potassium level is 4.2 mEq/L, sodium is 141 mEq/L, BUN is 24 mg/dL and his serum creatinine is 1.2 mg/dL. Jay's current medications include atenolol and citalopram. The physician is considering starting fosinopril. Jay has a risk factor for developing angioedema. Which risk factor for angioedema is present in this patient? Answer AAge BGender CEthnicity DConcurrent medications EElectrolyte profile |
CEthnicity |
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What is the brand name of metoprolol succinate? Answer ALopressor BToprol XL CSectral DZebeta EDutoprol
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BToprol XL |
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A patient is receiving furosemide IV. Which of the following statements regarding furosemide IV is correct? Answer AFurosemide is only compatible with NS BFurosemide is only compatible with D5W CFurosemide should be refrigerated once reconstituted in an IV bag DRefrigeration causes crystals to form EThe IV:PO ratio is 1:2 |
DRefrigeration causes crystals to form EThe IV:PO ratio is 1:2 |
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A patient has a severe sulfa allergy but needs to be started on an antihypertensive. Which of the following agents would be safest for this patient? Answer AFurosemide BBumetanide CEthacrynic Acid DMetolazone EHydrochlorothiazide |
CEthacrynic Acid |
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Which of the following antihypertensives is associated with thiocyanate and cyanide toxicity with prolonged use? Answer ANitroprusside BNitroglycerin CEsmolol DHydralazine EClevidipine |
ANitroprusside |
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Derek has a BP of 220/110 and has new elevations in SCr and BUN at his clinic visit today. Which of the following statements regarding treatment of Derek's hypertensive emergency are correct? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer ADerek has hypertensive emergency since he has a BP greater than 180/110-120 mmHg BDerek requires hospitalization for treatment with intravenous antihypertensive medication CDerek has hypertensive emergency since he has new onset renal impairment and a BP greater than 180/110-120 mmHg DDerek's BP should be reduced to a SBP range of 195-170 mmHg in the first hour EDerek's BP should be reduced to a SBP of < 140 mmHg in the first hour |
BDerek requires hospitalization for treatment with intravenous antihypertensive medication CDerek has hypertensive emergency since he has new onset renal impairment and a BP greater than 180/110-120 mmHg DDerek's BP should be reduced to a SBP range of 195-170 mmHg in the first hour |
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Rose comes to the pharmacy for her refill of torsemide 10 mg daily. The pharmacy is currently out of stock on torsemide but has furosemide in stock. What is the equivalent dose of furosemide for Rose? Answer A10 mg/day B20 mg/day C40 mg/day D80 mg/day E100 mg/day |
B20 mg/day |
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Martha, a 64 year old white female, has diabetes type 2 without any kidney impairment. What is Martha's goal blood pressure according to JNC 8? Answer A<120/80 mmHg B<130/80 mmHg C<130/85 mmHg D<140/90 mmHg E<150/90 mmHg |
D<140/90 mmHg |
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Mr. Lopez, a 52 year old Mexican male, has hypertension and he is currently taking Lotrel. His BP today is 151/91. Which of the following medication recommendations would be in accordance with JNC 8? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer AChange Lotrel to Exforge HCT BChange Lotrel to Amturnide CAdd on hydrochlorothiazide DAdd on valsartan EChange Lotrel to Azor |
AChange Lotrel to Exforge HCT
CAdd on hydrochlorothiazide |
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Which medication is considered first-line for the treatment of hypertension in pregnancy? Answer AAtenolol BSpironolactone CIrbesartan DDiltiazam ELabetalol |
ELabetalol |
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Sandra has end-stage renal disease secondary to lupus and hypertension. Her daily medications include atenolol, alendronate, prednisone, ranitidine, calcium and vitamin D. She uses Epogen as-directed. Which of Sandra's medications can worsen her blood pressure control? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer APrednisone BEpogen CAlendronate DAtenolol ERanitidine |
APrednisone BEpogen |
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Sean, a 55 year old white male, has just been diagnosed with hypertension. He has no other known medical conditions. His blood pressure runs between 170-174/97-99 mmHg. Choose an appropriate initial treatment regimen for this patient according to JNC 8? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer ALisinopril-HCT BAmlodipine and benazepril CLisinopril DAmlodipine EHydrochlorothiazide |
ALisinopril-HCT BAmlodipine and benazepril CLisinopril DAmlodipine EHydrochlorothiazide |
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Asia is being discharged from the hospital. She was receiving 40 mg of furosemide IV per day. What is the equivalent oral dose of furosemide? Answer A20 mg B40 mg C60 mg D80 mg E120 mg |
D80 mg |
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A patient has diabetes and microalbuminuria and a BP of 151/93 mmHg. The patient has no other co-morbid conditions. Which drug would be the first-line antihypertensive for this patient? Answer ALosartan BAtenolol CHydrochlorothiazide DHydralazine EAmlodipine
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ALosartan |
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Which of the following side effects are associated with olmesartan? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer ACough BAngioedema CDiabetes DSprue-like enteropathy EHypokalemia |
BAngioedema
DSprue-like enteropathy |
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Jennifer suffers from constipation. She spends a good deal of money buying over-the-counter MiraLax and occasionally needs to use a glycerin suppository. She asks the pharmacist for help. The pharmacist looks at her medications and finds that she takes ramipril, lovastatin, cholestyramine, clonidine, verapamil and sertraline. Which medication/s could be contributing to Jennifer's chronic constipation? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer AClonidine BSertraline CCholestyramine DLovastatin EVerapamil |
AClonidine
CCholestyramine
EVerapamil |
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Which of the following statements regarding hypertensive urgency are correct? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer ABlood pressure greater than 180/110-120 mmHg BRequires hospitalization for treatment with intravenous medication C2 antihypertensive medications should be started simultaneously DAbsence of acute end organ dysfunction EAcute, progressive end organ dysfunction is present |
ABlood pressure greater than 180/110-120 mmHg
DAbsence of acute end organ dysfunction |
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Diltiazem and verapamil affect the hepatic metabolism of other drugs. This is due to the following reason: Answer AThey are CYP 450 3A4 inducers. BThey are CYP 450 3A4 inhibitors. CThey are CYP 450 2D6 inducers. DThey are CYP 450 2C9 inducers. EThey are CYP 450 2C19 inhibitors.
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BThey are CYP 450 3A4 inhibitors. |
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Which of the following medications should be taken with food? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer ACarvedilol immediate-release BMetoprolol succinate CMetoprolol tartrate DCarvedilol extended-release EValsartan
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ACarvedilol immediate-release
CMetoprolol tartrate DCarvedilol extended-release |
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Which of the following medications are direct vasodilators? (Select ALL that apply). Answer ALabetalol BHydralazine CMinoxidil DMethyldopa EDoxazosin
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BHydralazine CMinoxidil |
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The intravenous drug of choice for a hypertensive patient with an aortic dissection is: Answer ANitroprusside BNitroglycerin CEsmolol DHydralazine EClevidipine |
CEsmolol |
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Which of the following antihypertensives can cause overgrowth of the gums with long-term use? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer AHydrochlorothiazide BCarvedilol CDiltiazem DNifedipine EPropranolol |
CDiltiazem DNifedipine |
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Jose has hypertension. He states he feels fine and cannot believe he has to take medicine. But, because the doctor told him to, he began to take lisinopril 10 mg daily. He developed an irritating, dry cough and was switched to irbesartan. He took the irbesartan for awhile then stopped using it. Which of the following factors can contribute to poor medication adherence in patients with hypertension? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer ALack of understanding of the need to take medicine BInability to afford the medicine CSide effects DHypertension is asymptomatic; therefore. the patient does not experience any symptom relief. EPatient does not believe in taking medicines |
ALack of understanding of the need to take medicine BInability to afford the medicine CSide effects DHypertension is asymptomatic; therefore. the patient does not experience any symptom relief. EPatient does not believe in taking medicines |
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A patient with hypertension has been prescribed isradipine. Which of the following are possible side effects from the use of isradipine? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer APeripheral edema BFlushing CHypokalemia DHeadache EHyperuricemia
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APeripheral edema BFlushing
DHeadache |
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A patient presents to the emergency department with a crushing headache and blurry vision. The patient's blood pressure is 230/128 mmHg, heart rate is 122 BPM. How rapidly should the blood pressure be reduced? Answer A5-10% in the next 4-6 hours B10-15% in the next hour C25-30% in the next 5 minutes D40% by the next day E50% in the next hour
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B10-15% in the next hour |
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Jermaine, a 63 year old black male, has a past medical history significant for diabetes type 2, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, chronic kidney disease and peripheral arterial disease. What is Jermaine's goal BP according to JNC 8? Answer ALess than 120/80 mmHg BLess than 130/80 mmHg CLess than 140/80 mmHg DLess than 140/90 mmHg ELess than 150/90 mmHg |
DLess than 140/90 mmHg |
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A patient with a history of hypertension and dyslipidemia is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide, enalapril, simvastatin, and niacin. The patient returns one month later complaining of pain and inflammation of his right toe. What combination of his medications could be causing this adverse effect? Answer AHydrochlorothiazide and enalapril BEnalapril and simvastatin CNiacin and simvastatin DNiacin and hydrochlorothiazide EHydrochlorothiazide and simvastatin |
DNiacin and hydrochlorothiazide |
