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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Give a general description of the family Enterobacteriaceae
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-Found in intestines
-Gram negative, nonspore forming rods -Aerobic and facultative anaerobes -Grows well in foods -Resistant in many medias -Killing method of 165 degree F or higher |
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What species is an indicator organism?
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E. coli
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How many subdivisions of Enterobacteriaceae are there?
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5 tribes, 12 genera
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What are the four main tribes important in sanitation and disease?
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1. Escherichieae
2. Salmonelleae 3. Proteeae 4. Yersiniae |
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How is Salmonelloses transmitted?
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By feces and urine
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Is Salmonelloses rare today?
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Yes
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Who discovered Salmonella?
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Eberth
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Does Salmonella have short or long survival periods?
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Long
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Can you die of Salmonella?
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Yes, usually due to complications
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What two types of carriers of Salmonella are there?
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1. Temporary
2. Permanent convalescent |
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How is an enteric infection transmitted?
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-Discharged into feces
-Gain entrance into the mouth -Comes from previous carrier or case |
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Where can you mostly find enterbacteriaceae?
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Flies, filth, milk, food and water
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How is an enteric infection diagnosed?
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Via feces examination
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What food infection causes paratyphoid fever?
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Salmonella spp.
(A mild to fatal disease) |
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What are the signs of a food infection?
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-Fever is always present
-There is an increase in the incubation period |
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Which bacteria forms a potent endotoxin?
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Shigellosis
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Which bacteria causes Bacillary dysentery and destroys epithelial cells?
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Shigellosis
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What are the four main groups of Shigellosis?
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1. Sh. dysenteriae
2. Sh. flexneriae 3. Sh. sonnei 4. Sh. boydii |
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Which group of shigellosis is the most severe?
Least severe? |
Most: Sh. dysenteriae
Least: Sh. boydii |
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Can Shigella be easily killed?
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Yes, it is not as resistant as Salmonella
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How is Shigella transmitted?
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Fecal to oral route
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How can Shigella be diagnosed?
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Via FRESH feces
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What other factors contribute to the flourishing of Shigella?
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-Protein rich foods
-Moist foods with a water activity above 0.85 -a pH greater than 4.6 |
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Which family causes enteric and UTI's?
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The Escherichieae family
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Where is E. coli found?
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In animals and humans
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What are the three pathogenic escherichia?
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1. Enterotoxigenic
2. Enteroinvasive 3. Enteropathogenic |
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Where is E. coli commonly a problem?
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Childcare facilities
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Which two groups are of sanitary significance?
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-The Coliform group (total and fecal)
-The Enteric streptococci |
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By which two species does and infection of the genitourinary tract begin?
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1. E. coli
2. The Proteeae tribe |
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Where is Proteeae found?
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Sewage and decomposting organic matter
Also, in infant diarrhea |
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Pseudomonas aeroginosa is most similar to?
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Proteus
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Where can P. aeroginosa be found?
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Hospitals, normal skin in the perianal region, genitourinary openings, and in some dirty ice machines
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P. aeroginosa is:
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A highly drug resistant bacteria that causes troublesome infections
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Vibrio cholera is:
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-Strongly aerobic, facultative anaerobe, short comma shaped rod
-Is an important and dangerous pathogen |
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What are the symptoms of Cholera?
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-Intense diarrhea
-Prostration -Emaciation -Death within 2-3 days -Great fluid loss |
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What is the death rate of Cholera?
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20-50%
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How is Cholera transmitted?
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Person-to-person
It is also waterborne |
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Peru, South America and Central America are well known for this infection:
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Cholera
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Which strain of Cholera is found only in South America?
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El Tor strain
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Which strain of Cholera is found mainly in Asia?
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0139 strain
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Vibrio parahemolyticus is associated with:
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Marine and estuarine waters
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V. parahemolyticus is a:
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Halophylic organism
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Which bacteria is a common cause of diarrhea in humans?
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Campylobacteriosis
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C. jejuni is a:
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Gram negative, comma shaped, short rod
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Campylobacteriosis resembles which organism?
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Cholera
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Campylobacteriosis is seen in which patients?
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-Active AIDS
-Immunosuppressed |
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Campylobacteriosis portal of entry is:
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Oral
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Where can Campylobacteriosis be found?
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In animals
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How can one prevent enteric infections?
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-Being sanitary
-Control carriers -Good hygiene -Being precautious |