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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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7 basic plots |
1. Overcoming a monster 2.Rags to riches: Cinderella 3.The quest: lord of the rings 4.Voyage of return: almost attain goal then thereis a set back 5. Rebirth: character is bad then has come to jesusmoment 6.Comedy: ends with a happy ending in the beginningthey done ever like each other· 7.Tragedy: doesn’t end happily ever after |
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key concept1 |
1: early hominads had littleleisure time, communication created efficient which lead to innovation andefficient in structure. ( religion story telling sprots art) |
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Key concept 2 |
: leisure is everything that youdon’t have to do to survive. Work is all the behavior one does to maintain life( eating, drinking sleeping, sex, shelter) |
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Key concept 3 |
as long as people have beentalking they tell stories to pass along key cultural knowledge· Myth and folklore( we have morales because ofthe rules and stories |
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Key concept 4 |
storytelling became the mechanismfor cultural history and order· Scribes priests, griots, epic poets |
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Key concept 5 |
the 21st century has moreentertainment than any other time in history |
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Drama |
media products that dwell onconflict and conflict resolution by depicting events that impact the welfare ofpersons, animals and animated things |
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components of drama 5 |
1.conflict 2.story 3.plot 4.character 5.thought |
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conflict |
the central contect in the dramatypically opposition of needs, values, or interest (issues that need solving) - Conflict holds the viewer to the story -They appeal to the needs you want in your ownlife |
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Story narrative |
a series of events unfolding in chronologicalorder |
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Plot: |
the unfolding of events how the action of thestory is ordered |
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.characters |
the personality or part that theactor recreates· -Protagonist: the principle character must belikable with a fatal flawpropels the action by seeking a goal( doesn’t have tobe a good guy) - Antagonist: character’s who stand in the wayofthe protagonist reaching there goal |
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Thought |
morale of the story: message ofthe narrative is found in the manner in which the protagonist overcomesantagonist and fatal flaw· The thought is not very dee p or complex |
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characteristics of Drama 4 |
-Conflict driven -Express thought -Reflective of audience interest and concerns(needs you feel satisfied) - Highly conventional
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Genre |
A category or artistic musical or literarycomposition chararcterized by a particular style form or content
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Genres that make the most money: 8 |
1. Animated2. Science fiction3. Action4. Comedy5. Drama6. Family7. Romantic comedy8. Horror |
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Act 1/ Plot point 1 |
· Act 1: introduces character and conflict ( showswho you should like and dislike (25%)o Plot point 1: changes direction of story |
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Act 2 / Plot point 2 |
· Act 2: builds the conflict(50%)o Plot point 2: climax of the conflict ( lookslike its not gonna work out) |
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Act 3 |
· Act 3: resolves the conflict (25%) |
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Shot sizes |
tells you how close you should feel with thecharactero
-Long shots establish relational distance - Close shots suggest intimacy |
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Shot angles |
-Lower angels makes the characters look power - High angels makes character look wea |
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Cut transition between shots (2) |
-Cross cut: between 2 lines of action indicatesthat they are happening at the same time -Fade: dissolve to black , then dissolve to newscene, suggest change and time or place |
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Media information processing |
-the process by which we choose to receiveand make since of media messages -A set of interacting systems in your brain andbuilt by evolution for interacting with the world |
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Mind vs. Brain |
-The brain is a complex set of organs thefacilitates and delimits human thought and behavior ( is a product ofbiological evolution -The mind is a product of the brain d informationprocessing ( perceptions, emotions, thoughts, personality) |
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Two types ofinformation processing: controlled and automatic |
-Controlled information processing: occurs whenpeople consciously decide to pay attention to a message -Automatic information processing: isunintentional involuntary effort less autonomous and outside awareness |
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Perception |
a multistage process of bringing stimuli intoawareness -Occurring outside of consciousness -Task focused: unconscious trying to figure outwhat things are primary entertainment tasks are perception of visual andauditory stimuli |
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Grandma neuron |
-Originally researchers believed that perceptionworked by matching incoming information in individual neurons or clusters of neurons -Statement is false not enough neurons to handleall images. What happens if grandma shaves her head -Perception can be influenced by priming ( pearexample) |
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How much informationdoes the visual system use for perception (2) |
-Light enters through lens and focuses on theretina -The retina has two types of photo receptors1. Rods2. Cones |
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rods cones |
Rods: detects luminance across wavelengths ( levels of light) Cones: require greater light intensity and are wave length specific ( redblue green)( require a certain amount of light to see color |
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left and right brain |
Information processed though right eye sent toleft brain and vice vera ( limited information) |
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Emergent perception- |
-visual detection (what the brain sees) - By detecting luminance andcolor the brain infers: space direction and motion |
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Luminance and color:
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By detecting luminance and color the brain infers: space direction and motion |
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Person perception |
-we construct emergent perception ofpeople and objects the same way the brain processes visual information - Person perception can be influenced by ourknowledge expectancies, goals motivations , values and attitudes |
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What is motivation: |
· evolutions way of telling you that you are onthe right or wrong track |
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Why did motivation evolve |
people who enjoyed behaving in ways that werefunctional in the evolutionary environment were more likely to survive and theirgenes passed forward |
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Basic rewards |
rewards systems you are born with -biological: thirst hunger sleep, fearreproduction -social : social affiliation altruism (beingnice)reciprocity( doing to others what you want done to you |
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Leaned rewards |
rewards learned through interaction -stimulus: response learning -social learning: ( liking romantic comedy ,feels good seeing love) |
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Positive rewards 3 |
-appetitive motivation: reward given for seekingout certain stimuli ( hungry seek food) -consummatory: reward you get from engaging in certainbehavior ( get food and eating it when hungry) -Avoidance: rewards the avoidance of certainbehaviors by lack of negative stimulation( spicy food) |
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Negative motivations |
-Punishment: noxious state of pain -Penalty/ loss: removal or absence of positive reward |
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Attention |
· A psychological process by which information ismade available for cognitive and emotional analysis |
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3 Attention networks: |
alerting orienting executive |
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Alerting |
- the ability to increase and maintain responsereadiness in preparation for impending stimulus (vigilance) |
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Orienting |
the ability to select specific information fromamong multiple sensory stimuli(external harder, where is waldo) |
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Executive |
the attention of thought planning decision making, errordetection conflict , over coming habitual actions (internal) (trying to getyour attention but you choose what you pay attention to |
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2 Primary ways media attention research is done |
-Childrens visual orientation to media (looks)
-Adult intensity of attention (secondary taskmeasures |
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Visual orienting findings (3) |
-Viewers look away from tv between 120-150 timesper hour -The ability to maintain attention improves withage up to 12 years old -Looking varies by program and content ( lookmore at media of interest) |
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Attention is mediated by formal features and expectations (5) |
- Attention lower when what you expect to happen,happens -Overtime children learn what to pay attention to -Experienced viewers pay less overall attentionthan inexperienced viewers -Relevant content increases attention intensity -Arousing senses generate more attentionintensity that calm ones |
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3 memory systems |
sensory, long term, working |
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Sensory |
filters all sensory information only allowing asmall subset into working memory ( no limit on sensory memory)
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.long term memory |
permanent storage of information deemed relevant -Organized in semantic networks of nodes andlinks (limitless longer term) -Semantic network- draw on things in your longterm memory |
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working memory: |
what is our minds while thinking -Where perception attention cognitioncomprehension recognitions, understanding, interpreting, storage decisions -Draws information from and interacts withsensory and long term memory - Intense pattern recognition and categorization |
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Magic number |
· 7 +/- two numbers ( working memory) |
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How does your brain process a movie: |
-brain exposed to the movie and other presentstimuli (alerting attention) -the sensory memory filters everything but themovie to enter the working memory (orienting attention) -the working memory tries to make sense of themovie (perception and executive attention) - to do so it relies on information from long termmemory -the brain creates your own movie in your mindthat you may experience in real life |
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role of emotion in processing (2) |
1.the brain responds emotionally and automaticallyto certain stimuli in the film -fear response -alerting attention to motion and color 2.brain reactions emotionally to the message - act as motivation to continue viewing(appetitive) |
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Semiotics |
the science ofsigns, signs consist of signifier and signified (helps with chunking |
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signifier signified |
ER:the image used to represent the signified ED:the real object or idea that the sign represents |
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Limited capacity model |
Limited capacity model: media processingconsists of encoding, storgage and retrieval. Mediated messages are continuousstreams of variably redundant information, humans are limited capacityinformation processors, information in media is lost
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2 types of processing for limited capacity model |
automatic -unconscious requires few resources cant bestopped or controlled -automatic resources are drawn to novel and emotional content controlled -conscious requires many resources can bestopped/ controlled -the more automatic the more information can beprocessed |
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Types of humor (4) |
- slapstick: reversal is delivered physically ( 3stooges, the hangover -Word play/pun: reversal is done via word meaningexpectation -Autobiographical: based on story about self,reversals in things that happen -Observational reversals based on incongruentthings about the world |
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Joke structure |
1.Set up 2.Punch line (reversal) 3. Butt of joke |
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Affective disposition theory (3) |
Enjoyment of media content is a function of: -Your emotional responses to characters -The outcomes experienced by those characters Enjoyment increases when: -Good guy wins and bad guy loses Enjoyment diminishes when -Good guy loses or bad guy wins |
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ADT and emotion |
AD= emotion response= arousal + valence - Arousal- strength indicators of physiological arousal how intense or mildemotion is (heart rate) -Valence(+/-)- cognitive labeling of how positiveor negative the stimulus is ( disposition is derived from moral evaluations ofaction |
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Moral foundations theory |
sensitive’s to certain moral violationsresulting from our evolutionary history as social a normal |
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moral foundations are:born with innate sensitivity |
1.Care ( kind helping compassion) 2.Fairness 3.In group loyalty 4.Authority 5.Purity |
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Mood contagion |
People catch theemotion of those around them in the same way they might catch a cold ( allowsfor communication of threat) -Influenced by group cohesion, social norms andinterdependence |
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Cultivation theory |
the more you watch tv the more likelyyou are to think the real world is like tv -Tv contains few frequently repeated messages -Theses message influence perception of reality -For heavy viewers this influences thereperception of reality |
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Exemplificationtheory |
-People are cognitive misers don’t want to put alot of though into anything so we look for shortcuts -So we created exemplar patters: ex: going to arestaurant |
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Exemplar formation |
-Repeated patterns in media formationè exemplar formation -Consequential events more memorable thanirrelevant emotional events more memorable |
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What makesinformation accessible |
-Vividness( something emotional -Frequency( if we see patters a lot -Recency ( what you saw last. |
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What cant you say (4) |
-Sedition: encouraging people to overthrowgovernment - Fighting words -Words that cause panic ( Fire) 6: slander cant make up lies about others (libel( out loud) slander( in press)) - Obscenity ( what people consider obscene is relative to people interpretation andupbringing |
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· Miller v California (1973) |
o Mail order porn catalog |
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obscenity |
obscenity appeals to a prurient(sexual interest)interest, showing patently offensive sexual conduct that lacks serious artisticliterary, political, or scientific value |
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FCC v Pacifica Foundation (1978) |
o seven dirty words George carlin: o 7 words you cant say on TVindecent but not obscene |
