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104 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Communication
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The process of acting on information
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Social information processing theory
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how you can develop quality relatinships with others via email and other means
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communibiological approach
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some people inherit certain traits/characteristcs that affect the way they communicate with others
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Social learning theory
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we learn how to adapt and adjust our behaviors toward others--how we behave is not dependant on our genetic makeup
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self-concept
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a subjunctive description of who you think you are
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attitudes
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learned predisposition to respond to a person, object or idea
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self-reflectiveness
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human ability to think about what we are doing while we are doing it, ie, we can lie while speaking
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social-decentering
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taking into account another's thoughts, feelings, values, background, perspectives, like being other oriented
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self-fulfilling prophecy
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what one believes about one's self often comes true
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inclusion
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the need to be included in activities with others, to experience fellowship, like kids in kindergarten on a playground
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control
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degree of influence on relationships establishsed with others
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social penetration theory
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how much/what kind of information people reveal in various stages of a relationship, usually we want it to stay low at first
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dyadic effect
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you disclose to me, i'll disclose to you
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perception
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the process of experiencing the world and making sense of one's experiences
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impression formation theory
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we form impressions through perceptions of physical qualities and behavior, information people disclose about themselves, and what third parties tell us
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primacy effect
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attending to the first piece of information we observe
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recency effect
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to put a lot of stock in the last thing we observe
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implicit personality theory
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a pattern of associated qualities that we attribute to people which allows us to understand them (stereotypes?)
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Horn Effect
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think of horns, attribuiting a varieyt of negative qualities to people we dislike
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attribution theory
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how you generate explanations for the motives or causes of peoples' behaviors
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casual attribution theory
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identifies potential cause for any person's actions: circumstance, stimulus, person
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standpoint theory
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theory that a person's social position, power, or cultural background influences how the person perceives the behavior of others, where you stand makes a difference in what you see, helps us explain the behaviors of others
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stereotyping
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to place people in a rigid category
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culture
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a learned system of knowledge, behavior, attitudes, beliefs, values, and norms that are shared by a group of people
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co-culture
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a distinct cultural group within a larger cultural context, ie, roman catholics, compared to all catholics
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enculturation
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process of communicating a groups culture from generation to generation, all of grandparents' stories
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acculturation
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getting other approaches, beliefs, values, from coming into contact with other cultures, like yoga, teas, etc.
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high context cultures
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rely on nonverbal cues to interprete messages, asians
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low context cultures
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rely on language, instead of nonverbal cues, americans
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ethnocentrism
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think that one's own culture, traditions, assumptions are superior
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relational empathy
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essence of a relationship that permits varying degrees of understanding, rather than requiring complete comprehension of another's culture or emotions
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listening
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a complex process of attending to, constructing meaning from, remembering and responding to verbal and nonverbal messages
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hearing
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the physiological process of decoding sounds
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people-oriented listeners
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comfortable with, and skilled at listening to people's feelings and emotions, empathize, like dr. phil, or luke wilson, dad, in family stone
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content-oriented listeners
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more comfortable listening to complex detailed information than others
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action-oriented listeners
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prefere info that is well organized, brief and error free
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time oriented listeners
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like messages delivered quickly and briefly
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impersonal
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people are treated as objects, like sales clerks or people at a drive through window
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transaction
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your communication is influenced by forces that may not be immediatley evident to you or your communication parter
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source
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originator of thought/emotion
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emotional noise
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when emotional arousal interferes with communication effectiveness, SJP "no I will not marry you"
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critical listening
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listening to evaluate the quality/value/appropriatness/importance of the info you hear
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information triage
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a critical listener seeks to ID both good info and info that is flawed or less helpful, process of evaluating, sorting information
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symbolic interaction theory
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society is bound together by the common use of symbols, like "peace, ok, hi"
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linguistic determinism
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launguage shapes the way we think, influences our thoughts/perceptions
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linguistic relativity
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each has unique elements embedded w/in it, like how Native Americans don't stammer
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Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
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language shapes our culture and culture shapes our language
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malpropism
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confusion of one word for another, perscription vs subscription @ pharmacy
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restricted code
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a set of words that have a particular meaning to a subgroup or culture, 18 wheelers on CB, comp programmers
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jargon
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specialized language
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allness
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language that makes unqualified/untrue generalizations, about all women
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nonverbal communication
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is behavior other than written or spoeken lang. that creates meaning for someone.
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interaction adaptation theory
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describes the transitive process of how ppl adapt to the communication behavior of others
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interactional synchrony
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mirroring of nonverbal behavior while communicating
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emblems
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nonverbal cues w/ specific, generally understood meaning
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illustrators
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nonverbal behaviors that accompany verbal messages, and either contradict, accent, or compliment
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affect displays
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nonverbal movements, postures, used to communicate emotions: how you sit=if you'll be approached
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regulators
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nonverbal msgs. that help people control intrxn of comm. b/w ppl: hold hand up to interrupt
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adaptors
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nonverb. behaviors that help satisfy a personal need/adapt/respond to the immediate situation: rub hands when cold
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expectancy violation theory
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each person enters into the relationshiop w/ preconceived expectations about the other's behavior
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emotional contagation theory
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people catch the emotions of others
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interpersonal conflict
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ppl can't agree on a way to meet needs, achieve goals
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myth 1
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conflict=a poor interpers. relationship
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myth 2
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conflict can be avoided
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myth 3
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conflict occurs b/c of misunderstandings
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myth 4
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conflict can always be resolved
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myth 5
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conflict is always bad
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pseudoconflict
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lack of understanding, wording issue, simple conflict
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constructive conflict
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helps build new insights, estab. new patterns in a relationship
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destructive conflict
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conflict that dismantles, doesn't strengthen
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interpersonal relationships
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connections that develop w/ others b/c of interpers. comm. w/ them
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systems theory
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changing the system will change the elements
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predicted outcome value theory
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assessing the potential of a relationship to meet our needs vs its cost
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interpersonal power
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ability to get what you want, to influence one in the wanted direction
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dependent relationship
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one person has a greater need for the parter to meet their needs
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traditional family relationship
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share a lot
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independent family relationship
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allow space
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separate family relationship
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have opposing values
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mixed family relationship
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have mixed perceptions on roles
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social exchange theory
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ppl make relational decisions to get the most reward for the least cost
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dialectical theory
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all relational development occurs w/ various opposing forces/tensions: connectedness vs autonomy, predictability vs novelty, openness vs. closedness
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nonverbal immediacy
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cues displayed when attracted
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affinity seeking
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things done to get ppl to like you
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uncertainty reduction theory
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seek info to control/predict the future
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compliance gaining
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persuasive strategies to accomplish personal goals
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failure event
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violation of understandings b/w ppl in relationships
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implicit
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understood w/o talking about
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explicit
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agreed upon
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reproach
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saying that a failure event has occurred
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account
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a response to a reproach
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social exchange theory analysis
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analysis of rewards and cost to analyze the potential survival of a long distance relationship
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argumentativeness
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incessantly challenging others' views, someone seen as always arguing: sister (rachel), mom, SJP A dinner, gay kids
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fades away
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partners drift further apart
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sudden death
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unplanned, abrupt ending of a relationship
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incrementalism
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conflict and problems accumulate until the breaking point
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family
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a self-defined unit of any # of persons who live/have lived in a relationship w/ e/o over time
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natural family
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mom dad natural kids
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blended family
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2 adults, their kids w/ divorce, adoption, brangelina
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single parent family
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1 parent and at least 1 child
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extended family
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relatives
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family of origin
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family in which you were raised, adopted kids' families
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pelz effect
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subordinates want a boss who will bat for them
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horizontal comm.
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among ppl @ same level in organization
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quid pro quo
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do something for me, i'll do something for you
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