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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What sinuses are present at birth?
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maxillary and ethmoid
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Why do you percuss the face?
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to check for hypercalcemia
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Define Sinusitis
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Infection of one or more paranasal sinus bc of upper respiratory infection, allergies, structural defect.
SIGNS: fever, purulent drainage, sinus pain/pressure, no response to decongestants |
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Define Caput Seccedaneum
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"Cone Head"
Edema after birth that crosses suture lines |
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Cephalohematoma
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Sucperiosteol blood that doesn't cross suture lines
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Plagiocephaly
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"Paralellogram Head"
Flattened or asymmetrical shape to skull |
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Craniosynostosis
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Closure of one or more suture before growth complete = mishappen skull
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Hydrocephalus
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swelling of head
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Encephalocele
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Nerve tissue comes out of skull
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Microcephaly
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Small head
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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
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mental retardation, widespread eyes, ptosis, short nose, thin lip, poorly formed philtrum
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Hurler Syndrome
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Enlarged skull, low forehead, corneal clouding, short neck, muccopolysaccharide storage disease
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Down Syndrome
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Epicanthal folds, depressed nasal bridge, slant of eyes, low set ears, macroglossia (big tongue)
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Hippocratic Facies
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Sunken Facial Features, dry skin (usually seen in late stages of terminal illness)
Think Hippocrates |
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Cushing Syndrome
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Moon Facies, Thin skin
Associated with adrenal tumors = inc. production of glucocorticoids |
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What is the largest endocrine gland of the body
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Thyroid
Enlarged thyroid = vascular bruit may be heard |
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Graves Disease
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Hyperthyroidism
Autoimmune, Abs to TSH receptor Signs: GOITER, Expothalmos, facial flushing, sensitivity to heat, tachycardia, weight loss |
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Myxedema
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skin and tissue disorder because of severe prolonged hypothyroidism
Signs: sparse hair, edema around eyes, puffy yellow skin, cognitive impairment, |
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Hashimoto Disease
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HypOthyroidism
"HashimOtO = HypO Signs: lethargy, sensitivity to cold, weight gain, scaly dry skin, puffy eyes |
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Congenital Hypothyroidism
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Signs: Jaundice, poor feeding, lack of muscle tone (floppy baby), puffy face
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What does tracheal tugging suggest?
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The presence of an aortic aneurysm
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Thyroglossal Duct Cyst
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Midline palpable cystic mass in neck
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Branchial Cleft Cyst
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Lesion at birth bc of oncomplete involution of branchial cleft along anteromedial border of SCM
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Torticollis
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may be due to birth trauma, tumors, cranial nerve palsy, muscle spasm, infection, drug ingestion
May Cause Plagiocephaly |
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Nuchal Rigidity is associated with ?
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Meningeal Irritation
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Lymph system fully matures by when?
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9-12 years
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What are some causes of lymphadenopathy?
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mono, TB, lymphoma, cat scratch fever
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T/F: Enlarged postauricular, occipital is not unusual in kids less than 2.
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TRUE
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What happens to lymph nodes in adults?
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Lymph nodes diminish and some may become fibrotic
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What do the semicircular canals do?
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Respond to changes in direction of movement and send signals to cerebellum for maintenance of balance
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Whats the difference between children's and adult's Eustachian Tubes?
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Children's = wider, shorter, more horizontal
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Presbycusis
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Gradual loss of sensorineural hearing, common after 65. high freq. sounds go first
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Vertigo
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Unsteadiness, loss of balance, syncope
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Tophi
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gout, deposits of urate crystal
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Acute Otis Media
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Middle Ear Inflammation
Signs: TM erythmatous, bulging, cloudy, no movement Abrupt onset of fever, anorexia, hearing loss, dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea, pain |
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Otitis Media with effusion
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Inflammation of middle ear due to serous, mucoid, or purulent fluid
Signs: TM retracted or bulging, impaired mobility, yellowish air-fluid levels and/or bubbles CRACKING Sound on yawning/swallowing. |
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Otis Externa (Swimmer's Ear)
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Infection of auditory canal from trauma or moist environment = bacterial or fungal growth
Pain worsens with movement of pinna or chewing |
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Cholesteatoma
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Benign, cyst-like tumor in eardrum or middle ear
Signs: progressive hearing loss, fullness in ear, tinnitus, vertigo If untreated can erode temporal bone = permanent hearing loss |
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Otosclerosis
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Hereditary condition that causes sensorineural hearing loss due to hardening of ossicles
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Labyrinthitis
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Inflamation of labyrinthine canal due to complications from upper respiratory viral or bacterial infection
Signs: vertigo, tinnitus, nystagmus, nausea, anxiety |
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Mastoiditis
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Post-auricular/ Mastoid pain
Signs: fever, swelling, outward or downwardly placed pinna |