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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are some of the feature sets of the physical layer?
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Converts bits into electrical signals and controls physical aspects of data
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What are some of the standards interfaces at this layer?
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HSSI, X.21, EIA/TIA-232 and EIA/TIA-449
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TCP is a (blank) oriented protocol.
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connection
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IP is a (blank) protocl
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connectionless
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UDP is a (blank) protocol
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connectionless
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What layer does a repeater operate at?
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Physical Layer
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What does a repeater do?
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Amplifies signal and extends networks
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What network layer does a Bridge operate at?
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Data Link Layer
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What does a bridge do?
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Forwards packets and filters based on MAC addresses; forwards broadcast traffic, but not collison traffic
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What OSI network layer does a Router exist?
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Network
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What does a router do?
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Separates and connects LANs creating internetworks; routers fileter based on IP addresses
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What OSI network layer does a Brouter exist at?
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Data and Network Layers
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What does a Brouter do?
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A hybrid device that combines the fucntionality of a bridge and a router
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What OSI network layer does a switch operate at?
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Data link layer
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What does a swich do?
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Provides a virtual link between communicating devices, allows for VLANs, reduces traffic, and impedes network sniffing
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What OSI layer does the Gateway exist at?
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The Application layer
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What does a Gateway do?
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Connects different types of networks, performs protocol and format translations
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What OSI layer does Frame Relay operate at?
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Data Link Layer
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Dedicated Lines are...
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1. Dedicated leased line that connects two locations
2. Releatively expensive 3. Secure as both location are using same media |
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Frame Relay is...
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1. Uses SVCs and PVCs
2. Fee based on bandwidth 3. Shared media between computers 4. WAN protocol that uses packet-switching over public networks |
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X.25 is...
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1. Shared media between companies
2. slower than frame because of high overhead 3. International Standard 4. 1st packet switched network developed to work over public networks |
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SMDS...
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1. High-speed switching technology to be used over public network
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ATM...
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1. high bandwidth switching and multiplexing technology - low delay
2. 53 byte fixed cells 3. Uses PVC and SVC 4. Very fast becuase of low overhead |
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SDLC...
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1. enables mainframes to communicate
2. uses polling to allow primary and secondary stations to communicate |
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HDLC...
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1. PTP and multipoint communication
2. data encapsulation for synchronus serial links |
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HSSI...
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1. DTE/DCE interface to enable high speed communication over WAN links
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VOiP
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1. Combines voice and data over the same network media and protocol
2. Reduces cost of implementing and maintaining two different networks |
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ISDN/BRI =
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2 "channels" and one "D" channel. Combined bandwidth 144 kbps
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ISDN/PRI =
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up to 23 B channels and 1 D channel at 64 kbps. Total bandwidth is 1.544 Mps/T1
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ISDN/Broadband =
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usually implented with telco carrier backbones. When BISDN is used ATM is used to encapsulate data at the data link layer into cells and these cells travel over a SONET network
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PPTP is...
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1. Encapsulation based on PPP
2. Data Link Layer 3. Single PTP communications 4. Client Server technology |
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L2F is...
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1. Cisco proprietary
2. no encryption 3. mutual authentication |
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L2TP is...
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1. Hybrid of L2F and PPTP
2. Data Link Layer 3. work on multiple networks not just IP 4. Combines with IPSec for security |
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IPSec is...
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1. Supports only IP
2. Focuses on LAN to LAN 3. Works on Network Layer and provides security on top of IP 4. can work in tunnel or transport mode(s) |
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PPP is...
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1. encapsulate through a IP Network over a serial line
2. Supports CHAP, EAP, and PAP 3. |
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PAP is...
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1. least secure of CHAP and EAP
2. In cleartext 3. replay attacks 4. Password and username are the credentials that are sent to an authentication server after establised via PPP |
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CHAP is...
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1. Uses challenge/response
2. challenge is a random value 3. Plaintext = sniffing. no man in the middle or replay attacks |