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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
chemical bond
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mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together
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ionic bonding
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chemical bonding that results from the electrical attraction between cations and anions
[>1.7] |
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covalent bonding
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the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms
[<0.3] |
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polar-covalent bond
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covalent bond in which the bonded atoms have an unequal attraction for the shared electrons
[0.3 < X < 1.7] |
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molecule
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a neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds
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molecular compound
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a chemical compound whose simplest units are molecules
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chemical formula
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indicates the relative numbers of atoms of each kind in a chemical compound using atomic symbols and numerical subscripts
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bond energy
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the energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms,
expressed in kJ/mole |
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structural formula
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indicates the kind, number, arrangement, and bonds but not the unshaerd pairs of the atoms in a molecule
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resonance
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refers to bonding in molecules or ions that cannot be correctly represented by a single Lewis structure
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ionic compound
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compound of positive and negative ions that are combined so that the numbers of positive and negative charges are equal
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formula unit
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the simplest collection of atoms from which an ionic compound's formula can be established
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lattice energy
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energy released when one mole of an ionic crystalline compound is formed from gaseous ions
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polyatomic ion
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a charged group of covalently bonded atoms
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metallic bonding
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the chemical bonding that results from the attraction between metal atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons
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malleability
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the ability of a substance to be hammered into thin sheets
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ductility
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the ability of a substance to be drawn, pulled, or extruded through a small opening to produce a wire
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VSEPR
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valence-shell, electron pair repulsion
states that repulsion between the sets of valence level electrons surrounding an atom causes these sets to be oriented as far away as possible |
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hybridization
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the mixing of two or more atomic orbitals of similar energies on the same atom to produce new hybrid atomic orbitals of equal energies
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hybrid orbitals
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orbitals of equal energy produced by the combination of two or more orbitals on the same atom
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intermolecular forces
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forces of attraction between molecules
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dipole
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created by equal but opposite charges that are separated by a short distance
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hydrogen bonding
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the intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule
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London dispersion forces
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the intermolecular attractions resulting from the constant motion of electrons and the creation of instantaneous dipoles
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