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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
quantum
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the minimum quantity of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom
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photon
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a particle of electromagnetic radiation that has zero rest mass and carries a quantum of energy
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ground state
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the lowest energy state of an atom
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excited state
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a state in which an atom has a higher potential energy than it has in its ground state
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Bohr Model
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electrons orbiting the nucleus and orbites which is based on hydrogen
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De Broglie
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Electrons act like waves
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Heisenburg
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Uncertainty Principle: cant determine the exact position of electrons in an atom
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Schrodinger
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Explained dual nature of electrons
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Quantum Numbers
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give the probable location of all electrons in an atom
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Principle Quantum Number
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INdicates main energy level; as n increases, energy and distance from nucleus increase
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Angular Momentum Quantum Numbers
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Indicates shape of an orbital
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Magnetic Quantum Numbers
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Orientation around the nucleus
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Spin Quantum Numbers
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Indicates spin rotation of electrons
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Aufbau Principle
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an electron occupies the lowest energy orbital that can recieve it
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Electron Configuration
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the arrangement of electrons in an atom
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Hunds Rule
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orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before and orbital is occupied by a second electron, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin
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Pauli exclusion Principle
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no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers
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Highest Occupied Level
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the electron-containing main energy level with the highest principal quantum number
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Inner Shell Electron
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an electron that is not in the highest occupied energy level.
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