Chapter 8: Varieties Of American Nationalism

Front 1

Seminole war/Adams-Onis Treaty
(event)
Pg. 223 (old book)

Back 1

-Seminole war
*Seminole indians launching raids on southern states(from within spainish border)
*Calhon orders jackson to stop the raids
L Jackson uses this as an excuse to invade all of Florida, takes Spanish forts
-Adams-Onis treaty
* Jacksons raids proved too powerful for Spain
*1819 Spain gives Florida to the U.S-However U.S. gives up claims in Texas

Front 2

John C. Calhon
(Person)
Pg. 209,219,223 (old book)

Back 2

1. a supporter of "internal improvements"-which was gov funded
2.ordered Jackson to "adopt nessesary measures to take care of seminole Indians
L helped annex it in 1817
3. secretary of war 1817

Front 3

The era of good Feelings
(event)

Back 3

1. 1816-1824
2. Political bitterness declined severely
L extinction of federalist party
-only one political party, Democratic Republicans
3.started after the war of 1812 and hartford convention(1814)
4. Slavery issue
-beginnings of distinction of the Free North and Slavery South - Missouri comprimise 1820

Front 4

Monroe's Good Will Tour
(Event)
pg. 222,223 (old book)

Back 4

1. series of Demonstrations throughtout New England
- helped bolster Monroe's pol position and the way he was viewed (which was quite positively)

Front 5

Worcester vs. Georgia 1832

Back 5

The worcester v Georgia case of 1832 undermined state power to enforce their own laws. The Marshall Court in this decision decided to override Georgian laws to regulate American access to Cherokee lands. According to Marshall, the federal government reserved the right to regulate American excursions into native land. This case strengthened the federal government's authority over the state governments. Marshall also affirmed the rights of natives by proclaiming the natives' territory as their own--a land where the natives had total control.

Front 6

Monroe Doctrine

Back 6

The Monroe Doctrine, written by John Qunicy Adams, was a proclamation to European nations to keep their hands off American land. It was written in 1832. The doctrine was written because Americans feared Spain's allies like France would help Spain retake its lost land from the Americans. The Monroe Doctrine was a symbol of American nationalism because it showed how Americans were united in their efforts to keep European powers off of American lands.

Front 7

James Monroe (1758-1831)
(Person)
pg 174,201,205,222-223,228 (old Book)

Back 7

1. 5th US president (1817-1825)
2.Helped in Louisiana Purchase
3.was sent to demand the halt of Brititsh impressments on US sailors- Diplomat
4.a Republican
- wanted an end to political disputes( goodwill tour)
5. Monroe Doctrine
-Stated that the New world was No longer subject to further colonization by europeans- violation would be seen as an unfriendly act towards the U.S.
-established after the recognization of several south american Nations

Front 8

Internal Improvements
(Idea)

Back 8

1. Internal improvements (1810's)
-use gov. money to fund improvement of roads and transportation
L would give rise to better interstate commerce- and therefore nationalism as well
-supporters
1. Calhon
2. former federalists

Front 9

Caucus System

Back 9

The caucus system was a process in which political parties held conventions or meetings in order to nominate a presidential candidate. Before 1824, there were regularly causes held in order to nominate a candidate, but in 1824, the caucus system ended, maybe due to disagreements within parties. In place of the caucus system, presidential candidates were nominated in state legislature meetings and mass meetings throughout the country.

Front 10

American System

Back 10

The American System, proposed by 1824 presidential candidate Henry Clay, was a program that Clay wanted to implement onto America if he was elected to office. The plan included making a home market for factory and farm producers by raising the protective tariff, giving the national bank more economic authority, and using money on internal improvements like roads and canals (which would centralize the American economy more). This American system made for a more prosperous, nationalized American economy because it would have knit the economy closer together by creating better means of transportation of goods, making it more expensive to obtain imported goods, and by giving the national bank extended powers to regulate currency.

Front 11

Election of 1824

Back 11

The Election of 1824 was contested between, among others, Monroe's Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, American general Andrew Jackson, Republican William Crawford, and Speaker of the House Henry Clay. When voting was counted, Jackson recieved more popular and electoral votes than anyone else, but he did not possess a majority of either. The 12th Amendment of the US stated that if any candidate did not have a majority of the electoral votes, then the House of representatives would decide who the next President would be by voting between the top three vote-getters. Crawford dropped out of the race due to sickness, so it became between Adams and Jackson. Clay decided to get his sown supporters to vote for Adams because Jackson was one of his political rivals, (and also b/c Adams was more likely to support Clay's American System) causing Adams to win the House election. Following the election, Adams appointed Clay Secretary of State, a position many thought one held before becoming President. This appointment

Front 12

Corrupt Bargain
(Clay and John Quincy Adams)

Back 12

In the election of 1824, Jackson won the most votes, but not the majority, so the House of Representatives had to choose between Adams or Jackson (under the 12th amendment following the election of 1800). Ultimately, Adams was elected as president, with the heavy support of Clay (a political rival of Jackson), and angered Jacksonians who thought Jackson should be president because he won the most votes, and were further outraged when Adams appointed Clay as Secretary of State, virtually naming Clay as thee next president.

Front 13

Panama Conference

Back 13

The Panama Conference was an example of one of the many diplomatic failures under President Adams. When the Venezuelan liberator, Simon Bolivar, called for an international conference in Panama 1926, many southern Americans were opposed to American delagates mingling with the black delegates from Haiti, who were also attending, and the US did not attend until the Conference had already been concluded. Not only does this represent a diplomatic failure of the US government, but also the racial view of many southern delegates.

Front 14

Georgia's Treaty With The Creek Indians

Back 14

The Georgians wanted to move westward onto Creek land in order to grow more cotton, but the land was protected by a treaty made in 1791 between the Creeks and the US national government. In 1825, Georgia established a new treaty with William McIntosh, a leader of one of the Creek tribes, who wanted peacful relations with the US, and sold Creek lands to Georgia. Adams refused to accept the new treaty because McIntosh did not represent all the natives in the area that were protected by the 1825 treaty, however, Georgia accepted the treaty anyway, and relocated the Indians, while Adams was powerless to do anything. Adams Opposition of the treaty created tension between President Adams, and the state of Georgia. Adam's failure to stop the new treaty in 1825 also revealed the tension between the state governments and the national government.

Front 15

Tariff of Abominations

Back 15

Under pressure by Massachusetts and Rhode Island textile manufacturers, Adams passed a tariff on the ridiculously cheap British textiles in 1828.However, while this decreased the competition of US textile industry, it increased the price for raw goods, so the southerners were angry with Adams for signing the bill to allow the tariff to go into effect.

Front 16

Election of 1828

Back 16

By 1828, the democrats began to split off from the republican party. The newly-created democrats put Jackson forward as president, while the republicans put Adams forward, again, as their presidential candidate. The republicans supported the recent economic nationalism, but the democrats opposed the economic aristocracy. Adams lost many votes due to multiple failures during his first term, such as the corrupt bargain, the failure to attend the Panama Conference, his failure to influence Georgia's treaty with the Creek Indians, and the Tariff of Abominations. In the end, the election became a contest of accusations, and eventually, Jackson won the election.

Front 17

The Panic of 1819; Event Pg 227-228

Back 17

. Monroe administration serious
economic crisis. The national bank recalled in loans, foreclosed on property, and tightened its credit. 6 ;years of depression followed

Front 18

The Missouri Compromise; Concept Pg 228

Back 18

. Debate over weather Missouri would enter the nation as a free state or a slave state. Henry Clay told the northerners that in order for Maine to allowed its statehood they must agree to let Missouri have slaves. A solution to this issue was the Thomas Agreement.

Front 19

Tallmadge Amendment; Concept Pg 228

Back 19

. When Missouri applied for statehood in 1819 James Tallmadge proposed a bill that would deny further slavery in Missouri and gradually emancipate the state.

Front 20

Thomas Amendment; Concept Pg 228

Back 20

. Senator Jesse B. Thomas proposed an amendment prohibiting slavery in the rest of the Louisiana purchase north of the 36’30’ line. It was adopted by the senate to help resolve the Missouri compromise.

Front 21

Fletcher vs. Peck (1810); Event Pg 229

Back 21

. Arose out or a series of land frauds in Georgia. The court had to decide weather the Georgia legislature of 1796 could repeal act of previous legislature granting lands under shady circumstances to the Yazoo Land Companies. Marshall concluded that those grants were valid and couldn’t be repealed.