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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
social deviance
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any transgression of socially established norms
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crime
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violation of laws enacted by society
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social cohesion
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social bonds, how well ppl relate to each other, get along on day to day basis
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mechanical (segmental) solidarity
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social cohesion based on sameness
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organic solidarity
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social cohesion based on difference, interdependence of parts
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social control
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mechanisms that create normative compliance in individuals
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formal social sanctions
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mechanisms of social control by which rules/laws prohibit deviant or criminal behavior
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informal social sanctions
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unexpressed, but widely known rules of group membership
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social integration
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how well you are integrated into social group/community
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social regulation
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number of rules guiding daily life, what you can reasonably expect from world on day to day basis
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strain theory (Merton)
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deviance occurs when society doesn't give all members equal ability to achieve socially acceptable goals
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conformist
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individual who accepts both goals and strategies to achieve
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ritualist
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individual who rejects socially defined goals in order to live w/i his/her own means
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innovator
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deviant who accepts socially acceptable goals but rejects acceptable means to achieve
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retreatist
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one who rejects both means and goals by completely retreating from society
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rebel
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one who rejects socially acceptable goals and means, want to alter/destroy social institutions from which one is alienated
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labeling theory
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individuals subconsciously notice how other label them
-their reactions to those labels help form self identity |
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primary deviance
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first act of rule breaking, may incur label of "deviant
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secondary deviance
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subsequent rule breaking that occur as result of deviant label, ppl's new expectations of you
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stigma
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negative social label that changes behavior toward a person, alters that person's self-identity
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broken windows theory (of deviance)
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explains how social context/cues impact whether individuals act deviantly
EXPLAIN THIS |
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street crime
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crime committed in public, often associated with violence, gangs, poverty
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white collar crime
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offense committed by professional against corporation, other institution
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corporate crime
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type of white collar crime
committed by officers of corp. |
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deterrence theory
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philosophy of criminal justice arising from idea that crime results from rational calc of costs/benefits
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recidivism
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individual who has been involved with crime b4 reverts back to criminal behavior
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