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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The study of tissues is called... |
Histology |
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What are the four primary or major Tissue types? |
* Epithelial * Connective Tissue * Muscle Tissue * Nervous Tissue |
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What are the characteristics of Epithelial Tissue? (5) |
* Covers organs and body surfaces * Lines cavities and hollow organs * Has a free surface on one side and a basement membrane on the other * Usually lacks blood vessels * Cells readily divide and are tightly packed |
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What are the functions of Epithelial Tissue? (6) |
* Protection * Absorption * Secretion * Excretion * Filtration * Sensory reception |
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What are the three shapes of Epithelial Tissues? |
* Squamous (flat) * Cuboidal (cube shaped) * Columnar (tall) |
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Describe the two kinds of layers found in Epithelial Tissues. |
* Simple - one layer of cells * Stratified - more than one layer of cells |
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Describe Simple Squamous cells? (3) |
* Single layer of flat cells * Substances pass easily through * Found in Kidneys |
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Describe Simple Columnar cells. (6) |
* Single layer of elongated cells * Nuclei usually near the basement * Membrane at the same level * Sometimes has cilia and microvilli * Often has goblet cells (secrete mucus) * Lines stomach, uterus and intestines |
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Describe Simple Cuboidal cells. (3) |
* Single layer of cube-shaped cells * Covers ovaries * Secretes and absorbs |
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Describe Pseudostratified Columnar cells. (5) |
* Single layer of elongated cells * Nuclei at two or more layers, giving the appearance of being stratified * Often has cilia * Often has goblet cells * Lines respiratory passageways |
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Describe Stratified Squamous Cells. (5) |
* Many cells layers * Top cells are flat * Can accumulate Keratin * Makes up the outer layer of skin, * Lines oral cavity, vagina and anal canal |
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Describe Stratified Cuboidal Cells. (3) |
* Has 2-3 layers * Cube-shaped cells * Lines ducts of mammary glands, sweat glands, salivary glands and the pancreas |
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Describe Stratified Columnar Cells. (3) |
* Top layer of elongated cells * Cube shaped cells in deeper layers * Lines part of the male urethra and part of the pharynx |
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Describe Transitional Cells. (3) |
* Many cell layers * Cube shaped and elongated cells * Lines urinary bladder, ureters and part of the urethra |
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What are the three types of Epithelial junctions. |
* Tight Junctions * Desmosomes * Gap Junctions |
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Describe Tight Junctions. |
* Protein molecules in the plasma membranes of adjacent cells fuse together and form impermeable junctions |
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Describe Desmosomes. (3) |
* "Rivet" junctions between cells * Distributes tension throughout cell walls for strength * Found in cardiac muscle |
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Describe Gap Junctions. (2) |
* "Communicating" junction between cells * Hollow tubes that allow things to pass back and forth |
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What is a Gland or Glandular Epithelium? |
Consists of one or more cells that secrete a particular product. |
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What are the two types of Glandular Epithelium and their functions? |
Endocrine Glands: Internally secreting, into tissue, fluid or blood. Exocrine Glands: externally secreting |
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What are the two types of Exocrine Glands and what are they composed of? |
Unicellular Exocrine Gland: Composed of one cell (goblet cell) Multicellular Exocrine Gland: Composed of many cells, simple and compound; ex: Sweat and salivary glands |
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What are the three types of Glandular secretions? |
* Merocrine Glands: Fluid product, salivary glands, pancreas gland, sweat glands * Apocrine Glands: Cellular product, portions of cells, mammary glands and ceruminous glands * Holocrine Glands: Secretory product, whole cells, sebaceous glands (pimples) |
