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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
civil liberties
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individual legal and Constitutional protections against govt.
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final interpreter of civil liberties
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supreme court
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bill of rights adopted primarily in response to what?
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british abuses of the colonists' civil liberties
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barron v. baltimore
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bill of rights did not apply to states
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guarentees of 1st amendment
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freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition
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gitlow v. new york
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overturned barron v. baltimore b/c of 14th amendment
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the supreme court has relied on the due process clause to do what?
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incorporate the bill of rights into state law
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why does the u.s. not have an established church?
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establishment clause of the first amendment
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polygamy has been rules as illegal despite what?
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the free exercise clause of the 1st amendment
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when can freedom of expression be limited?
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when it endangers the govt.
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near v. minnesota
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no prior restraint for newspapers
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what is the only area the supreme court has allowed prior restraint for newspapers?
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high school
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ny times v. u.s.
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pentagon papers case
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schenck v. u.s.
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speech can be restrained if there is a clear and present danger
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is obscenity protected under the Constitution?
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no
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ny times v. sullivan
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say anything you want
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what is symbolic speech?
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expression by conduct (burning a flag, arm bands)
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who regulates commercial speech?
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federal trade movement
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naacp v. alabama
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did not have to turn over membership list
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most of the wording of the bill of rights concerns what?
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the rights of people accused of crimes
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fourth amendement
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search and seizure
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exclusionary rule of the first amendment
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illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court
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fifth amendment
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prohibits self-incrimination; right to be silent.
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miranda v. arizona
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must be read your rights
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gideon v. wainwright
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must have attorney in felony cases
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how are most court cases settled?
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plea bargaining (plea to a lesser offense)
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eighth amendment
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cruel and unusual punishment
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gregg v. georgia
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capital punishment is legal
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is the right to privacy specifically stated in the bill of rights?
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no
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roe v. wade
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legalized abortion
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griswold v. connecticut
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privacy implied in bill of rights
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civil rights
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policies that extend basic rights to groups historically subject to discrimination
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what does equality of opportunity mean?
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everyone has a chance to succeed
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what 3 amendments were passed after the civil war?
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13, 14, 15
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fourteenth emendment
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EPC, Due Process, Incorporation Doctrine
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Equal protection of the laws
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does not deny states trating classes of citizens differently if the classification is reasonable
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dredd scott v. sandford
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slaves are property
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13th amendment
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ended slavery
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jim crow laws
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black codes (segregation laws)
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plessy v. ferguson
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"separate but equal"
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brown v. board of education
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overturned plessy and stated desegregation
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after brown v. board, how did school integration in the south proceed?
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slowly
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martin luther king jr.
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biggest civil rights leader
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rosa parks
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beginning of the civil rights movement
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the civil rights act of 1964
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denied federal funds to segregated schools
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15th amendment
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gave black men right to vote
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guinn v. u.s.
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outlawed grandfather clause
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24th amendment
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no poll tax
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the white primary
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only whites could vote to see who would run for election
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19th amendment
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women's suffrage
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equal rights amendment
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fell short by 3 states
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men and women's pay
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men get paid more than women
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"gray liberation" movement
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baby boomers approach the status of minority majority
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americans with disabilities act
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can't discriminate against the disabled
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regents of the university of california v. bakke
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shot down quota part of affirmative action
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what is the goal of affirmative action?
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equal results
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adarand construction v. pena
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beginning of supreme court lessening affirmative action
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viewpoints of those for and against affirmative action
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for - overcome past discriminations. against - reverse discrimination
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