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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
An infection is the invasion of a susceptible host by what
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Pathogens or microorganisms
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The presence and growth of microorganisms within a host but without tissue invasion or damage
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Colonization
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An infectious disease that can be transmitted directly from one person to another
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Communicable Disease
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If pathogens multiply and cause clinical signs and symptoms the infection is
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Symptomatic
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If pathogens multiply and and clinical signs and symptoms are not present the infections
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Asymptomatic
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Name the 6 parts of the chain of infection
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Infectious Agent
Reservoir Portal of Exit Mode of transmission Portal of entry Host |
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Give 4 examples of Infectious Agents
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Bacteria
Viruses Fungi Protozoa |
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A place where microorganisms survive, multiply and await transfer to a susceptible host
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Reservoir
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Antiinflammatory drugs that cause protein breakdown and impair the inflammatory response against bacteria and other pathogens
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Adrenal Corticosteroids
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These drugs attack cancer cells and also cause the side effects of bone marrow depression and normal cell toxicity which affects the pbody's response against pathogens
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Cytoxic and antineoplastic drugs
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What is the normal WBC in adults
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5000-10000/mm^3
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What is the normal Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
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Up to 15 mm/hr for men and 20 mm/hr for women
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What are the normal values for cultures of blood and urine?
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Normally sterile without microorganism growth
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What are the normal lab values for cultures and Gram stains of wounds, sputum, and throat?
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No WBCs in Gram stain, possbily normal flora
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What is the differential count of Neutrophils?
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55-70%
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What is the differential count for Lymphocytes?
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20-40%
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What is the differential count for Eosinophils?
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1-4%
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What is the differential count for Basophils?
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0.5-1.5%
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Describes a process that eliminates many or all microorganisms with exception of bacterial spores
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Disinfection
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The complete elimination or destruction of all microorganisms including spores
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Sterilization
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Examples of disinfectants
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Alcohols
chlorines Glutaraldehydes Hydrogen Peroxide Phenols314501 |
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Examples of Sterilization
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Steam under pressure
Ethylene Oxide Gas (ETO) Hydrogen Peroxide Plasma Chemicals |
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If neutrophils are increased/decreased what does it mean?
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Increased in suppurative, pus-forming infection, decreased in overwhelming bacterial infection(adult)
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If Lymphocytes are increased/decreased what does it mean?
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Increased in chronic bacterial and viral infection, deacreased in sepsis
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If Monocytes are increased what does it indicate?
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Protozoan, Ricksettial, and tuberculosis infections
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If Eosinophils are increased what does that indicate?
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Increased in Parasitic infections
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