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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What characteristics do the herpes viruses have in common?
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1. Can develop a latent state - sensory ganglia
2. Sub-family alpha members have a cytopathic effect on cells, which become multinucleated giant syncytial cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies 3. Herpes viruses are held at bay by cell mediated immunity |
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What are the alpha sub group herpes viruses?
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HSV1 and HSV2, varicella-zoster
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Which herpes viruses have less cytopathic effects than the alpha sub group viruses?
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CMV and EBV
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Clinical symptoms, when present, of HSV1 infections are...?
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1. gingivostomatitis
2. reactivation - during stressed states, AIDS patients 3. Herpetic keratitis - corneal blindness 4. Encephalitis |
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What is the most common cause of viral encephalitis in the US?
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HSV 1
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HSV2 often causes which types of disease, in contrast to HSV1?
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Genital disease that is sexually transmitted
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What organisms can cross the blood-placenta barrier?
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Think TORCHES:
TO - TOxoplasmosis R - Rubella C - Cytomegalovirus HE - HErpes, HIV S - Syphilis |
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VZV causes which diseases?
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Varicella and herpes zoster
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What is the course and clinical manifestations of varicella infection?
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Fever, malaise, and headache, followed by characteristic rash - red base with fluid-filled vesicles.
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Describe the localization of zoster infection?
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During reactivation, the latent VZV replicates and migrates to the peripheral nerves, causing burning and painful skin lesions in a dermatotomal distribution.
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What is the most common viral cause of mental retardation?
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CMV
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What are the infectious states caused by CMV?
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1. Asymptomatic infection
2. Congenital disease 3. CMV mononucleosis 4. Reactivation in the immunocompromised patient |
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Distinguish the CMV diseases in AIDS patients versus bone marrow transplant patients?
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AIDS patients - CMV viremia, CMV retinitis, and CMV colitis
Transplant patients - CMV pneumonitis |
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EBV causes?
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Mononucleosis and Burkitt's lymphoma
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Describe EBV infection?
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EBV infects human B-cells, which transform and proliferate. The immune system eventually destroys the infecting virus as well as the abnormal B cells.
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Describe the clinical manifestations of "mono"?
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Fever, chills, sweats, headaches, and a very painful pharyngitis. Enlarged lymph nodes and sometimes an enlarged spleen.
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