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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Opportunists |
Normal flora that becomes potentially harmful by taking advantage of a susceptible host. |
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Aerobic |
Bacteria that require oxygen to live |
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Infection |
A disease state that results from the presence of pathogens in or on the body. |
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Pathogen |
A general term for disease-producing microorganism. |
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Normal flora |
Microorganisms that commonly inhabit various body sites and are part of the body's natural defense. Ex// vaginal, GI, etc. |
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Fungi |
Plant-like organisms that can cause infection |
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Antigen |
An invading foreign protein such as bacteria. |
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Bacteria |
Most significant and commonly observed infection - causing agents in health care institutions. |
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Gram-negative |
Bacteria that have chemically more complex cell walls and can be decolorized by alcohol. |
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Gram-posotive |
Bacteria that have thick cell walls that resist colorization and are stained violet. |
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Anaerobic |
Bacteria that cam survive without oxygen. |
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Antibody |
The body responds to an antigen by producing these. |
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Nosocomial |
A hospital-acquired infection |
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Iatrogenic |
An infection that occurs as a result of treatment or a diagnostic procedure. |
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Endogenous |
An infection in which the causative agent is normally harbored inside of the patient. |
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Exogenous |
The infection caused by an organism acquired from other persons. |
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Transient bacteria |
Normally picked up on the hands of doing usual activities. Few exists on clean skin. |
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Surgical asepsis |
Sterilization is required. Contaminated if touched by anything. |
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List four factors that influence an organism's potential to produce disease |
Number of organisms Person's immune system Virulence of the organism Length/intimacy of contact between the person & the microorganism. |
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Disease caused from other humans |
Tuberculosis |
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Disease caused from an animal |
Rabies |
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Disease caused by soil |
Gas gangrene |
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List three portals of exit in the human body |
Gastrointestinal, Genitourinary & Blood/Tissue |
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Direct Contact exampls |
Touching, kissing, sex |
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Indirect contact examples |
Touching contaminated fluid/item. |
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Vectors |
Mosquitoes, ticks, lice |
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Airborne examples |
Coughing, sneezing, talking |
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Describe the inflammatory response |
Eliminates the invading pathogen and allows for tissue repair. |
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Describe immune response |
Specific reactions occur in the body against foreign protein. Responds to antigen by an an antibody. |
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List four factors that influence the susceptibility of a host |
Intact skin/ mucous membranes Normal pH WBC count Age, sex, race, hereditary factors |
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Nurse's role during assessing for controlling or treating infection |
Early detection/surveillance, immunization, and past disease history. |
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Nurse's role during diagnosing for controlling or treating infection |
Must accurately reflect the patient's condition. |
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Nurse's role during planning for controlling or treating infection |
Control or prevent infection. Consider the cycle. |
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Nurse's role during implementing for controlling or treating infection |
Aseptic technique to not spread and minimize the threat of infection. |
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Nurse's role during evaluating for controlling or treating infection |
Intervene in the POC,evaluate if it's working or not. |
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Medical asepsis examples at: the patient's home |
Hand hygiene, personal care items, washcloths, etc. |
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Medical asepsis examples at: public facilities |
Hand hygiene, individual items such as straws, etc. |
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Medical asepsis examples at: community |
Sterile combs/brushes, examine food workers for infection. |
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Medical asepsis examples at: health care facility |
Aseptic techniques to prevent further spread/ prevent nosocomial infections. |
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Three measures health care agencies found to be successful in reducing hospital-acquired infections. |
Constant surveillance Written infection - prevention policies. Using practices that promote the best possible physical condition of the patients. |
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Airborne molecules |
<5mm |
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Contact molecules |
>5mm |
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Infection in the elderly |
UTI- confusion? *incontinence. Women- lose pelvic floor contractability =stress incontinence(sneezing) Men- prostate issues |
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PPE putting on |
Hand hygiene, gown, mask, goggle, other, mask. |
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PPE taking off |
Gloves, mask/goggles, gown, hand hygiene. |