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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is ecology?
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the study of interactions that take place between organisms and their enviroment.
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what is the portion of earth that supports life? and extends from high in the atmosphere to the bottom of the oceans?
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biospheres
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what are living things affected by?
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both living and nonliving things in the biosphere
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Where are living things found on earth?
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air, land, fresh&salt water
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what are nonliving parts of the environment?
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abiotic factors
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what are some examples of abiotic factors?
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air currents, temperature, moisture, light, and soil.
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what do nonliving factors affect?
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wheather or not organisms suvive
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what are living things in the environment called?
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biotic factors
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what do all organisms depend on?
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other orgnaisms directly or indirectly for food, shelter, reproduction, and protection
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what is a group of organisms, all of the same species, which interbreed and live in the same area at the same time?
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population
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what are all of the living and nonliving things in an organisms enviroment, m ade up of interacting populations?
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ecosystem
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whats made up of interacting populations in a certain area at a certain time?
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biological commmunity
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what is an ecosystem on land called?
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terrestrial ecosystem
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what are some examples of terrestrial ecosystems?
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forests, farms, meadows, gardens, compost heap, volcano site, rotting log
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what are some freshwater examples of an aquatic ecosystem?
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pond, lake, stream
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what are some saltwater examples of an aquatic ecosystem?
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ocean, saltwater aquarium
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what is an aquatic ecosystem that contains saltwater?
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marine
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what is a habitat?
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a place where an organism lives out its life.
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how can habitats change or dissapear?
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due to natural or human causes
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what are some other possible ecosystems?
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bathrooms, food
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what does the word symbiosis mean?
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"living together"
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what is a close and permanent association between organisms of different species?
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symbiosis
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what are the 3 kinds of symbiosis?
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mutualism, commensalism, parasitism
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what is it called when two species live in close association with one another?
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mutualism
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what is it called when there is a close associatipon in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed or benifitted?
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commensalism
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what is the close association between species in which one species benefits and the other is harmed?
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parasitism
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Do parasites kill?
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usually harm a host, but do not kill
- if the host dies, the parasite will also die unless it finds a new host in which to live very quickly. |
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a consumer that seeks out to eat other organisms
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predator
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what are the organisms called that are captured and eaten by the predators?
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prey
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what are strategies and adaptations a species uses in its enviroment?
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niche
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name the levels or organization from smallest to largest....
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-species
-population -community -ecosystem |
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what is the ultimate source of energy that fuels all life processes?
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the sun
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how does the water cycle occur?
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Water evaporates from lakes and oceans and becomes water vapor in the air.
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how are clouds formed?
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Water evaporates from lakes and oceans and becomes water vapor in the air.
Water vapor then condenses on dust particles in the atmosphere, and this is how clouds are formed. Condensation makes small drops in clouds that build in size until they fall to the ground as precipitation. Depending on the weather, they may fall as rain, snow, or ice. |
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what is the water cycle?
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The water falls and accumulates in oceans and lakes, where it eventually evaporates and returns to the atmosphere.
When water falls on the ground, some of it returns to oceans and lakes anyway as runoff water. When plants absorb water, it is eventually lost again to the atmosphere through leaves in a process called transpiration. When animals drink water that falls to the ground, they lose it in two ways. First, when they exhale, water vapor is lost through the exhalation. Second, when they urinate, water is naturally returned to the environment. |
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what is known as "the element of life?
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carbon
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what is a large component of all living things//?
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carbon
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what does the carbon cylce start with?
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autotrophs
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what is the carbon cycle?
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Heterotrophs feed on autotrophs and also use the carbon molecules for growth and energy. When heterotrophs use carbon for growth and energy, they release carbon in the form of carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere. The carbon is then available again for autotrophs to use, and the cycle will start all over again.
Carbon is also released back into the atmosphere when organisms die and decay. During this process, the carbon molecules from the dead organisms enter the soil. Microorganisms break down the molecules, releasing carbon dioxide.Combustion of fossil fuels also releases carbon back into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. Over millions of years, the remains of dead organisms are converted into fossil fuels, such as coal, gas, and oil. These fuels contain carbon molecules, so when we use them, we return carbon to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. |
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whats another word for producer?
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autotroph
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what is the study of interactions that take place between organismsand their enviroment?
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ecology
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what is an element required for growth and deveeloped
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phospherous
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is the human body an ecosystem?
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yes
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what are first order heterotrophs
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herbivores
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what are all living and nonliving t hings?
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ecosystem
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abiotic factor
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nonliving parts of an organisms enviroment; air currents. temperature, moisture, light and soil are examples
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biological community
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a community made up of interacting populations in a certain area at a certain time
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biosphere
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portion of earth that supports life; extends from high in the atmosphere to the bottom of the oceans
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biotic factor
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all the living organsims that inhabiit an enviroment
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commenalism
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symbiotiv relation in which one species benifits and the other species is neither harmed not benefitted
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ecology
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scientific study of interactions betweeen organisms and their enviroment
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ecosystem
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interactions among populations in a community; the community's physical surroundings or abiotic factors
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habitat
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a place where an organism lives out its life
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mutualism
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a symbiotic relationship in which in which both species benift
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niche
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a role or position a species has in its enviroment, includes all biotic and abiotic interactions as an animal meets its needs for survival and reproduction
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parasitism
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a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another, usually another species.
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population
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a group of organisms all of the same species, whicch interbreed and live in the same place at the same time
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symbiosis
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a permanent, close association betweeen 2 or more organisms of diffferent species.
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autotroph
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organisms that use energy from the sun or energy stored in chemical compounds to manufacture their own nutrients.
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biomass
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the total mass or weight of all living matter in a given area
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decomposer
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organisms, such as fungi and bacteria, that break down and absorb nutrients from dead organisms
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foood chain
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simple model that shows how matter and energy flow through an ecoststem
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foood web
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model that shows all the possiblke feeding relatinoships at each trophic level in a community
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heterotroph
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organisms that cannot make their own food and that must feel on other organisms for energy and nutrients
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trophic leverl
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organism that represents a feeding step in the movement of energy and materials through an ecosytem
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