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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
absence seizure
(petit mal seizure) |
seixure that may be characterized by brief lapse of attention in which the PT may stare and does not respond
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aphasia
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the inability to understand or produce speech
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arterial rupture
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rupture of a cerebral artery that may contribute to interruption of cerebral blood flow
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atherosclerosis
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a disorder in which cholesterol and calciu, build up inside the walls of blood vessels, forming plaque, which eventually leads to partial or complete blockage of blood flow; plaque of this type can also become a site where blood clots can form, break off, and embolize elsewhere in the circulation
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aura
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a sensation experienced prior to a seizure; serves as a warning sign that a seizure is about to occur
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cerebral embolism
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obstruction of a cerebral artery caused by a clot that was formed elsewhere in the body and traveled to the brain
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cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
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an interruption of blood flow to the brain that results in the loss of brain function
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coma
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a state of profound unconsciousness from which one cannot be roused
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coup-contracoup brain injury
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a brain injury that occurs when force is applied to the head and energy transmission through brain tissue causes injury on the opposite side of original impact
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dysarthria
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the inability to pronounce speech clearly, often due to loss of the nerves or brain cells that control the small muscles in the larynx
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expressive aphasia
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a speech disorder in which a person can understand what is being said but cannot produce the right sounds in order to speak properly
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febrile seizures
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convulsions that result from sudden high fevers (particularly in children)
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generalized seizure (grand mal seizure)
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seizure characterized by severe twitching of all the body's muscles that may last several minutes or more
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hemiparesis
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weakness on one side of the body
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hemorrhagic stroke
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one of the two main types of strokes; occurs as a result of bleeding inside the brain
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hypoglycemia
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a condition characterized by low blood glucose levels
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incontinence
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loss of bowel and bladder control due to a generalized seizure
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infarcted cells
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cells in the brain that die as a result of loss of blood flow to the brain
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ischemia
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a lack of O2 in the cells of the brain that cause them to not function properly
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ischemia stroke
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one of the two main types of strokes;occurs when blood flow to a particular part of the brain is cut off by a blockage/clot inside a blood vessel
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postictal state
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period following a seizure that lasts between 5 to 30 minutes, characterized by labored respirations and some degree of altered mental status
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receptive aphasia
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a speech disorder in which a person has trouble understanding speech but is able to speak clearly
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seizure
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generalized, uncoordinated muscular activity associated with loss of consciousness; a convulsion
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status epilepticus
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a condition in which seizures recur every few minutes or last more than 30 minutes
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stroke
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a loss of brain function in certain brain cells that do not get enough O2 during a CVA. usually caused by obstruction of the blood vessels in the brain that feed O2 to those brain cells.
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thrombosis
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clotting of the cerebral arteries that may result in the interruption of cerebral blood flow and subsequent stroke
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tonic-clonic
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a type of seizure that features rhythmic back-and-forth motion of an extremity and body stiffness
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transient ischemic attack (TIA)
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a disorder of the brain in which brain cells temporarily stop working because of insufficient O2, causing stroke-like symptoms that resolve completely within 24 hrs of onset.
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3 Keys Test for assessing Stroke
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1. facial droop- ask PT to smile
2. arm drift- ask PT to close eyes and hold arms out with palms up 3. speech- ask PT to say, "The sky is blue in cincinnati." |
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3 Conditions that may stimulate stroke
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1. hypoglycemia
2. postictal state 3. subdural or epidural bleeding |
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Glasgow coma scale
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- eye opening
- best verbal response - best motor response |
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Common Causes of Seizures
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epileptic, structural (tumor, infection, scar tissue, head trauma, stroke), metabolic (hypoxia, hypoglycemia, poisoning, drug overdose, sudden withdrawal from medication or alcohol), febrile (sudden high fever),
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