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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Blood is made up of :
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Plasma (liquid) and blood cells (solid)
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erythrocytes
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red blood cells
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leukocytes
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white blood cells
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thrombocytes
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platelets
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Hemocytoblast
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stem cell- the beginning of all the blood cells
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Hematopoiesis
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growing and maturing of all the blood cells
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erythropoiesis
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growing and maturing of red blood cells
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leukopoiesis
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growing and maturing of white blood cells
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thrombopoiesis
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growing and maturing of platelets
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reticulocyte
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an immature red blood cell
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Erythrocytes
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contain hemoglobin which gives the cell its red color; hemoglobin carries oxygen to the body tissues
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Leukocytes
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Protect the body against foreign and bacterial substances.
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The 5 kinds of leukocytes are:
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neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes
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Thrombocytes
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Responsible for clotting blood.
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Plasma
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Allows the chemical communication between all body cells.
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Plasma proteins are :
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albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen
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Blood serum is:
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Blood plasma without fibrinogen
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Parts of the Lymph system are:
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fluid, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, and tonsils.
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Lymph is:
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Fluid
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Lymph Vessels:
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Network of transporting structures
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Lymph nodes:
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Filter
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Spleen:
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Filters, destroys old red blood cells, stores healthy blood cells
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Thymus
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Changes lymphocytes to T cells
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Tonsils
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Filter, protect upper respiratory structures, and help with the development of white blood cells
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Acquired immune system
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Develops by being exposed by antigens over a lifetime.
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T-Cell
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From thymus gland directly attacks the antigen
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B-Cell
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From Bone Marrow, produces antibodies that destroy the antigen.
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There are 4 blood types:
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A,B, AB, O
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O
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Universal Donor
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AB
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Universal Acceptor
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Anemia occurs when:
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Decreased red blood cells, decrease in hemoglobin, or decrease in hematocrit.
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normocytic
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(normal cell) normal cell (RBC)
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normochromic
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(normal color) normal of hemoglobin (RBC)
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Macrocytic
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(Large cell)- larger than normal (RBC)
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Microcytic
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(Small cell)- small than normal (RBC)
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Hypochromic
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(low color) decreased amount of hemoglobin
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Anemia means:
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The patients has low hemoglobin /low number of red blood cells.
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AIDS
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
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HIV
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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Lymphadenopathy
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Disease of the lymph glands , the lay/common term is swollen glands.
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Opportunistic Infections
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Key of when HIV diagnosis becomes AIDS.
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Two opportunistic infections associated with AIDS are:
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Karposi's Sarcoma and Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia
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Autoimmune Diseases
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The body Produces antobodies against antigens found in their own cells, resulting in tissue injury.
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exacerbations
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flare-up (gets worse)
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latent periods
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remissions
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Edema
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Swelling, from abnormal accumulation of fluids in spaces between cells in the body.
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Hemophilia
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A hereditary condition in which blood does bot clot properly.
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Infectious Mononucleosis
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Causes by the Epstein-Barr Virus the main signs and symptoms are sore throat, fever and swollen, and Cervical lymph nodes. May by associated with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
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Allergy
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an abnormal acquired immune response to an antigen resulting in an allergic response.
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Leukemia
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Cancer of the blood-forming organs (bone marrow) (excessive increase in white blood cells)
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Hodgkin's Disease
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Cancer of the lymph nodes
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Rh
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Named after the Rhesus monkeys, means there is an antigen on the red blood cell. Problem, if mom is negative and mom is positive- RhoGam injections now destroy those antibodies.
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Plateletpheresis
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removal of platelets. Platelets are giving to the sick person, rest is giving back to the donor.
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Plasmapheresis
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removal of plasma the donor gives blood- plasma removed given to sick person and rest returned.
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Septicemia
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bacteria in the blood
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PTT
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Preoperative screening for bleeding tendencies
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CBC
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Series of tests that include hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC count, WBC count, etc,
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Differential count
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diff kinds of white blood cells are counted and %s reported of the total
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Sed rate
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Increase indicates inflammatory disease, cancer, or pregnancy, decrease indicates liver disease
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Hemoglobin
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measurement of the amount hemoglobin- decrease indicates anemia
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Hematocrit
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measurement of the percentage of packed red blood cells in a sample of whole blood
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prothrombin time/PT/ Pro time
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used to manage patients taking anticoagulant medicines
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Autologous transfusion
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you own blood
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homologous transfusion
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someone else's blood
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Anticoagulants
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"blood thinners" ex. Heparin, Coumadin, Warfarin, aspirin.
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CBC
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Complete Blood Count
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HCT, Hct
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Hematocrit
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HGB, Hgb, Hb
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Hemoglobin
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PT, protime
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Prothrombine time
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RBC
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Red Blood Cell
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WBC
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White Blood Cell
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