Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
2.1 Photosynthesis |
The process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food |
|
Autotroph |
An organism that makes its own food |
|
Heterotroph |
An organism that does NOT make its own food |
|
Chlorophyll |
Main pigment for photosynthesis in chloroplasts. (green) |
|
How is the Sun an energy source for all living things? |
Through photosynthesis, plants use the suns energy and we then eat plants, also getting the suns energy
(indirectly=us directly=plants) |
|
What happens during photosynthesis? |
Plants absorb energy from the sun and use the energy to convert carbon dioxide, water, and sugars into oxygen |
|
Where does photosynthesis take place? |
In the leaves of the plant |
|
Summarize the process of photosynthesis |
1. sunlight is captured by the cells in the leaves and converted into energy,
2.carbon dioxide then moves into the plant creating a chemical reaction with the hydrogen that results in sugars such as glucose
3.oxygen gas is then released. |
|
What is the photosynthesis equation? |
Light/energy+Carbon Dioxide+Water--> Glucose+Oxygen |
|
2.2 What is cellular respiration? |
the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose |
|
Fermentation |
an energy releasing process that does not require oxygen |
|
What happens during cellular respiration? |
cells break down glucose and other molecules from food in the presence of oxygen, releasing energy |
|
Where does cellular respiration occur? |
first stage: cytoplasm Second stage: mitochondria |
|
Why is oxygen important during cellular respiration? |
so molecules can be broken down even more |
|
What are 2 stages of cellular respiration (pg 52) |
stage one: In cytoplasm, glucose broken down releasing small amnt of energy
stage two: In mitochondria, molecules broken down more & produce water & large amnts of energy |
|
Photosynthesis vs Cellular Respiration |
Cellular Respiration Is the opposite process of Photosynthesis. Together they form a cycle to keep carbon and Oxygen levels in atmosphere constant |
|
What happens during fermentation? |
cells release energy from food without using oxygen |
|
Alcoholic & Lactic Fermentation |
Alcoholic: Produces alcohol, carbon dioxide, small amnt of energy, occurs in yeast
Lactic: When muscles lack oxygen; burning sensation occurs in muscles when builds up |
|
2.3 Cell cycle |
The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo |
|
Interphase |
1st stage; cell grows, copies DNA, prepares to divide into 2 cells |
|
Replication |
When a cell makes an exact copy of the DNA in its nucleus |
|
Chromosome |
Threadlike structures |
|
Mitosis |
2cd stage; cells nucleus divides into 2 new nuclei, One set of DNA distributed |
|
Cytokinesis |
Cell splits into 2 daughter cells |
|
What are the functions of cell division? |
Allows organisms to grow, repair, & reproduce |
|
What happens during the cell cycle? |
cell grows, prepares for division, divides into 2 new cells "Daughter cells" |