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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
True/False Blood clots that form in veins are mainly composed of fibrin and red blood cells. |
True |
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warfarin |
generic name for trade name Coumadin |
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True/False Folic acid is one of the B vitamins |
True |
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Anticoagulant drugs may be used for |
arteriosclerosis, myocardial infarction, artificial heart valve, acute coronary syndrome |
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How is low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) administered? |
Sub Q (subcutaneous injection) |
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True/False Patients taking warfarin must monitor their dietary intake of certain types of foods b/c they may cause antagonism or synergism. |
True |
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How is warfarin (Coumadin) administered? |
orally or intravenously |
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The liver produces ________ factors ___ through _______. |
clotting, one (I), thirteen (XIII) |
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Hematologic Drugs
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Used to treat diseases of the blood.
Drugs include, anticoagulant drugs (heparin and oral anticoagulant) to prevent blood clot formation, thrombolytic drugs to dissolve blood clots that have already formed, drugs to treat anemia, and drugs to treat hemophilia. |
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Anticoagulant drugs
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are used to prevent a blood clot in patients with arteriosclerosis of the arteries, atrial fibrillation, acute coronary syndrome, unstable angina and myocardial infraction, strokes or who have an artificial heart valve.
Also used to prevent deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism. |
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Anticoagulant drugs
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inhibit the action of clotting factors in the blood , or inhibit the formation of those clotting factors in the liver that require the presence of vitamin k.
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warfarin
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blocks vitamin k and keeps liver from producing clotting factors that are dependent on the presence of vitamin k and also blocks factors II, VII, and X.
measured in mg and given orally or by IV |
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warfarin
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Coumadin
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heparin
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inhibits clotting factor X in the blood, which stops the series of steps needed to form a blood clot.
It is composed of large molecules that are not easily absorbed allowing only 20 to 30 % to actually exert a therapeutic effect. Measures in units and given sub Q or IV never PO. Made from cows' and pigs' intestines. |
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Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)
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were created by breaking apart the heparin molecule and decreasing the size of the molecule.
These smaller molecules mean that almost the entire dose is absorbed and exerts a therapeutic effect. Inhibits clotting factor X. Given sub Q, never PO. Prepared from cows' and pigs' intestines. |
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LMWH/anticoagulant drug
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Fragmin units subQ
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LMWH/anticoagulant drug)
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Lovenox mg subQ
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heparin
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heparin (anticoagulant drug)
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-parin
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heparin
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Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor Drugs
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prevent platelets from adhering to the site of injury or from clumping together to being the formation of a clot.
Some block receptors to prevent platelet from binding to fibrinogen. Used to prevent blood clots. |
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platelet aggregation inhibitor drugs
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Bayer Children's Aspirin, Pletal, Plavix, Persantine |
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Thrombolytic Drugs
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used to (break apart) a blood clot once formed.
Bind to fibrin strands in the clot and then convert plasminogen in the clot to plasmin. Plasmin (fibrinolysin) is an enzyme that lyses/breaks apart fibrin. As the fibrin strands break apart, the clot dissolves. |
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Thrombolytic Drugs
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1st drug to dissolve a clot.
Given at time of myocardial infarction, stroke, or pulmonary embolism to dissolve a blood clot that has already formed in the coronary artery or within arteries to the brain and lung. Given I.V. |
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Thrombolytic Drugs
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Activase,
Retavase, TNKase |
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Patients taking ________________ must monitor their _______ ______ of certain types of _____. |
warfarin (Coumadin), dietary, intake, foods |
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-ase
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thrombolytic drugs (means enzyme)
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thrombin inhibitor drugs
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inhibit the action of thrombin by binding to receptor sites on both circulating thrombin and thrombin already in a blood clot. these drugs are used to prevent deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing joint replacement surgery, or to prevent stroke in patients wit atrial fib. |
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thrombin inhibitor drugs
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Angiomax,
Pradaxa |
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anemia
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decrease number of red blood cells, erythrocytes, produced by the red bone marrow.
This can be due to small amounts of amino acids, folic acid, iron, or vitamin B12. Also be caused by diseases, cancer, radiation or chemotherapy, or excessive blood loss. |
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drugs used to treat anemia
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Anadrol-50
Cyomin, Epoetin, Feosol, Procrit, |
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chemical symbol for iron |
Fe |
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Cyomin (Hydroxycobalamin)
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vitamin B drug used to treat pernicious anemia
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heparin lock
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provides immediate intravenous access for administering intravenous drugs without needing to have intravenous fluids running continuously
it contains a reservoir of saline or heparin to keep the vein free of clots |
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What happened in 2008 that was a drug controversy involving China? |
US received bad heparin that caused 350 serious allergic reactions or deaths in a 3 months period.
FDA has an over site by confusing the name of a company that supplied a US company "Baxter" that had been FDA approved with another company that was not approved and US received bad heparin. Baxter discontinued their heparin product. |
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Most well known antiplatelet drug/platelet aggregation inhibitor drug |
aspirin |
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combination platelet aggregation inhibitor drug |
Aggrenox (aspirin, dipyridamole) |
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Hemostatic Drugs
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contain gelatin, collagen fibers, cellulose, fibrin, or thrombin in a liquid sealand or powder.
Applied topically during surgery to control bleeding. |
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Factor Xa Inhibitor Drugs |
inhibit the action of factor Xa, a subset of clotting factor X in the blood, used to prevent or treat deep vein thrombosis, or pulmonary embolism, or prevent the risk of a blood clot |
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Factor Xa Inhibitor Drugs
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Eliquis, Xarelto |
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antagonism |
decreases the therapeutic effect of an anticoagulant drug |
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synergism |
increases the therapeutic effect of an anticoagulant drug |
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name a food that has its own natural anticoagulant effect that increases the therapeutic effect of an anticoagulant drug |
garlic |
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a drug that decreases blood viscosity (thickness) and increases red blood cell flexibility to improve blood flow in patients with narrowing of the arteries and peripheral artery disease |
Trental |
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tPA |
tissue plasminogen activator |
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Heomphilia |
is an inherited genetic abnormality that causes a deficiency of a specific clotting factor |
|
' |
caused by a lack of clotting factor VIII, and is the most common type. |
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Hemophilia B |
caused by a lack of factor IX. |
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Hemophilia C |
caused by a lack of factor XI. |
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Coagulin-B |
the actual cellular gene that directs the liver to produce clotting factor IX. |
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Factor VIIa, VIII, IX, and XIII |
actual blood clotting factors in drug form |
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what is another form of treatment for hemophiliac patients? |
given transfusions of donated whole blood or of just clotting factors derived from donated blood |
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Mephyton |
vitamin K drug used to treat bleeding disorders in patients whose livers do not make enough factors II, VII, IX, or X. |
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Mephyton
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used to treat patients who have received an overdose of an anticoagulant drug |
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Mephyton
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given to all newborns to prevent hemorrhagic disease, newborns are born with less than 60% of the normal level for an adult and are given a one time IM dose of this. Newborns will reach a normal level of vitamin K by the age of 6 weeks. |
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What disease changed the course of history in Russia? |
hemophilia |