Ch 12-13 Skull, Facial Bones, Sinuses

Front 1

Reid’s baseline (aka "base line" or "anthropologic baseline") is more commonly referred to as:

Back 1

IOML

Front 2

What cranial bones form the upper lateral walls of the calvarium?

Back 2

Parietals

Front 3

For the Parietoorbital oblique projection, Rhese method, of the orbit, how many degrees of angle should be formed between the MSP and the IR?

Back 3

53 degrees

Front 4

Which position is performed with the patient’s head positioned true lateral and the CR directed 25 degrees cephalad?

Back 4

Axiolateral oblique projections of the mandible.

Front 5

True or false. The opposite side of the mandible should overlap the ramus for an axiolateral oblique projection of the mandible.

Back 5

False.

Front 6

How many degrees and in which direction should the CR be directed for the Axiolateral oblique projection of the mandible?

Back 6

25 degrees cephalad

Front 7

For the Parietoorbital oblique projection, Rhese method, of the orbits, which positioning line should be perpendicular to the IR?

Back 7

Acanthiomeatal

Front 8

Which of the following structures can be well demonstrated with an Axiolateral oblique projection (Modified Law method)?

Back 8

TMJ

Front 9

To demonstrate the mandibular body with the Axiolateral oblique projection, how should the patient’s head be positioned?

Back 9

From true lateral, rotate the head 30 degrees toward the IR.

Front 10

How many degrees and in which direction should the CR be directed for the Axiolateral oblique projection (Schuller method) for TMJs?

Back 10

25 degrees caudal

Front 11

An AP axial projection (Towne method) of the bilateral zygomatic arches is performed similarly to the AP axial projection (Towne method) of the skull, except that the projection for the zygomatic arches requires which of the following be done?

Back 11

CR should be directed to the glabella

Front 12

Which projection of the skull can be correctly performed with the CR angled 15 degrees?

Back 12

PA Axial, Caldwell method

Front 13

How many degrees are in the angle formed between the midsagittal plane and the petrous pyramids in the brachycephalic skull?

Back 13

54 degrees

Front 14

From which cranial bone does the zygomatic process arise?

Back 14

Temporal

Front 15

How many degrees are in the angle formed between the midsagittal plane and the petrous pyramids in the dolichocephalic skull?

Back 15

40 degrees

Front 16

The external acoustic meatus is a part of which cranial bone?

Back 16

Temporal

Front 17

On which cranial bone is the Crista galli located?

Back 17

Ethmoid

Front 18

With which bone does the mandible articulate?

Back 18

Temporal

Front 19

Which skull classification refers to a typical skull (in terms of length and width)?

Back 19

Mesocephalic

Front 20

Which bone comprises most of the lateral wall of the orbital cavities?

Back 20

Zygomatic

Front 21

Where should the petrous ridges be seen in the image of the Parietoacanthial projection of the facial bones?

Back 21

Below the maxillary sinus

Front 22

Which bones from the posterior one fourth of the roof of the mouth?

Back 22

Palatine

Front 23

Which skull classification refers to a long, narrow skull?

Back 23

Dolichocephalic

Front 24

Which skull classification refers to a short, wide skull?

Back 24

Brachycephalic

Front 25

Which projection of the skull can be correctly performed with the CR angled 37 degrees?

Back 25

AP Axial, Towne method

Front 26

With reference to the IR, how should the MSP be adjusted for the tangential projection demonstrating an individual zygomatic arch?

Back 26

15 degrees from perpendicular

Front 27

Which suture joins both parietal bones with the occipital bone?

Back 27

Lambdoidal

Front 28

Where are the lacrimal bones located?

Back 28

On the medial wall of each orbit

Front 29

Which positioning line should be parallel with the IR for the SMV projection of the skull?

Back 29

Infraorbitomeatal line

Front 30

Which suture joins a parietal bone with both a sphenoid bone and a temporal bone?

Back 30

Squamosal

Front 31

The Bregma fontanel is located at the junction of which two sutures?

Back 31

Coronal and sagittal

Front 32

With reference to the patient, where should the IR be centered for the lateral projection of the skull?

Back 32

2" above EAM

Front 33

Which projection of the skull produces a full basal image of the cranium?

Back 33

SMV Schuller method

Front 34

Where is the vomer bone found?

Back 34

On the floor of the nasal cavity

Front 35

Which projection of the skull projects the petrous bones in the lower third of the orbits?

Back 35

PA Axial Caldwell method

Front 36

The Lambda fontanel is located at the junction of which cranial bones?

Back 36

Occipital and both parietals

Front 37

The lambda fontanel is located at the junction of which two sutures?

Back 37

Lambdoidal and Sagittal

Front 38

The Pterygoid processes project inferiorly from which cranial bone?

Back 38

Sphenoid

Front 39

The Bregma fontanel is located at the junction of which cranial bones?

Back 39

Frontal and both parietals

Front 40

With reference to the IR, how should the CR be directed for the Parietoacanthial projection, Waters method?

Back 40

Perpendicular

Front 41

With reference to the patient, where should the IR be centered for the PA 15 degree (Caldwell method) projection of the skull?

Back 41

Nasion

Front 42

For the PA axial projection, Haas method, of the skull, where should the CR enter the patient’s head?

Back 42

1 ½ inches (3.8cm) below the external occipital protuberance

Front 43

How many degrees and in which direction should the CR be directed for the PA axial projection, Haas method, of the skull?

Back 43

25 degrees cephalad

Front 44

Which suture articulates the frontal bone with both parietal bones?

Back 44

Coronal

Front 45

Which two positioning lines or planes should be perpendicular to the IR for the PA projection of the skull?

Back 45

Orbitomeatal line and midsagittal plane

Front 46

True or false. For an SMV projection for the paranasal sinuses, the mandibular condyles should be anterior to the petrous ridges.

Back 46

True

Front 47

Which sinus group is of primary interest on the lateral projection of sinuses?

Back 47

Sphenoid

Front 48

Where should the petrous ridges be seen in the image of the PA 15 degree axial projection, Caldwell method?

Back 48

Lower one third of the orbits

Front 49

Which sinus group is NOT well visualized in the image produced by the Parietoacanthial projection, Waters method?

Back 49

Sphenoidal

Front 50

Which sinus groups are best demonstrated with the PA projection, Caldwell method?

Back 50

Frontal and anterior ethmoidal

Front 51

The tangential projection for a unilateral zygomatic arch requires that the skull be rotated 15 degrees and tilted 15 degrees away from the affected side.

Back 51

False (towards the affected side)

Front 52

True or false. The mandible articulates with the zygomatic bone.

Back 52

False

Front 53

The CR is centered to exit at the level of the _______________ for a well positioned 15 degree PA Axial projection of the facial bones.

Back 53

Nasion

Front 54

Name the cranial bones that the occipital bone articulates with.

Back 54

Sphenoid, atlas (C1), Parietals, Temporals

Front 55

Name the cranial bones that each temporal bone articulates with.

Back 55

Parietal, occipital, sphenoid

Front 56

What cranial bones does the sphenoid articulate with?

Back 56

All of them!

Front 57

What are the other names for the petrous portion?

Back 57

Petrous pyramid, pars petrosa, petromastoid portion

Front 58

The petrous ridge corresponds to the level of which external landmark?

Back 58

TEA (top of ear attachment)

Front 59

In which cranial bone is the opening (orifice) located that transmits the nerves of hearing and equilibrium and what is the name of the orifice?

Back 59

Temporal bone, Internal acoustic meatus

Front 60

WHat is the alternate name of the pituitary gland?

Back 60

Hypophysis Cerebri

Front 61

Name the foramina of the sphenoid, anterior to posterior.

Back 61

Rotundum, ovale, spinosum

Front 62

At what age do cranial sutures close? Fontanels?

Back 62

12-13 years. 18 months.

Front 63

What is another name for the auricle?

Back 63

Pinna

Front 64

What is the ear "lip" called?

Back 64

Tragus

Front 65

What is the "ear drum"?

Back 65

Attic or epitympanic recess

Front 66

What position would demonstrate the internal acoustic meatus?

Back 66

Modified PA Caldwell (5-10 degrees caudal angle to the OML)

Front 67

The shape of the average head is termed ________ and has a width of ____ cm and length of ____ cm.

Back 67

Mesocephalic, 15, 19 (width 75% of length)

Front 68

In a mesocephalic head, petrous ridges are at an angle of ____ MSP.

Back 68

47 degrees

Front 69

What is a brachycephalic head and at what angle are the petrous ridges?

Back 69

Width 80+% more than length (>47 degrees, + or - 54 degrees)

Front 70

In a dolichocephalic head at what angle are the petrous ridges in relation to the MSP?

Back 70

+ or - 40 degrees (<47 degrees), width is less than 75% of length