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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
transactional process
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simultaneously affect and are affected by our intimate relations
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general systems theory
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constitutes a worldview or a paradigm that keeps at the notion that objects don't exist in isolation, but instead are interconnected to parts of a larger whole. (body: a whole, living breathing organism, but as a system there are separate kinds--nervous, digestive, circulatory, etc)
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family system
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also a living dynamic entity that consists of various individuals and their interconnected patterns of interaction. a system's primary function is to bring together and arrange the various interrelated parts into a whole, organized entity
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virginia satir
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first to describe the family as a mobile. similar to a mobile, the family is a system comprising multiple interconnected parts that hang in balance. when something disturbs one piece of the mobile, the entire system reacts
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closed boundaries
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where no information comes in or goes out
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open boundaries
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where the transfer of information is so unobstructed that family members within the systems lose their identity
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balance/homeostasis
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families will do whatever it takes to keep balance--includes arguing, disagreeing, and family conflict
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circumplex model of marital and family systems
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focuses on 2 primary dimensions necessary for family health: cohesion and flexibility. families that are balanced tend to be more functional than unbalanced families. cohesion refers to family's emotional bonding. flexibility refers to how families balance change in roles and relationships
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role strain
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occurs when there are competing demands from multiple roles
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role conflict
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the psychological stress and tension that result when conflicting role pressures mount, or when people undertake multiple roles that are incompatible
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communication is a transaction
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process where parties act simultaneously as senders or receivers of messages
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communication is a process
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emphasis is placed on the process of meaning-making, rather than on the outcome of the exchanges.
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communication involves co-construction of meanings
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consists of learning the meaning of things--constructing definitions--between family members
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communication involves symbols
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includes verbal and nonverbal communication/symbols. used to describe how we convey meanings to one another, both in interpersonal and social relationships
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verbal forms of communication
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refer to exchanges of thoughts, messages, or information through the spoken word
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communication effectiveness
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this skill requires us to convey messages accuratel. ability to send messages w/ the intended meaning
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perceptual accuracy
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being able to deliver messages so they are received in the manner we intend
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predictive accuracy
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requires us to be able to accurately anticipate how our words will affect the other person
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interpersonal cognitive complexity
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deals more with our ability to process social information we receive from our environments than from person-to-person communication (aka social perception skill)
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nonverbal communication
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occurs with or without the spoken word. includes facial expressions, motions of the body, eye contact, patterns of touch, expressive movements, hand gestures, etc
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relational messages
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refer to those messages that have something to do with the partner or the relationship
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nonrelational messages
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issues or topics that have to do with things outside of the relationship
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positive emotional messages
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experienced as love, pleasure, and affection. conveyed through prolonged eye contact, closer proximity to each other, blushing, etc
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negative emotional messages
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experienced in form of anger and irritation, often result from being injured, harmed, or mistreated in interpersonal interactions. conveyed through staring, glaring, narrowed eyes, sadness or depression, or crying
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neutral emotional messages
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often hard to interpret bc person either gives no specific cues or gives ambiguous cues. leads to misunderstandings
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constructive conflict
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serves to build relationships and foster loyalty, commitment and intimacy
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regulated couples
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use communication patterns and interpersonal behaviors that promote closeness and intimacy
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3 types of regulated couples
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validating couple, volatile couple, conflict-minimizing couples
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validating couples
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uses a constructive conflict management style. tend to be empathic and supportive of one another, and try to gauge each other's emotions. seldom express negative emotions, tend to be happy, but not necessarily passionate
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volatile couple
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charged with intense emotion, passion, and romance, spills over into every area of marital and family life including conflict. despite intense emotional disputes, couples remain genuinely and intimately connected
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conflict-minimizing couple
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ignore or avoid conflict. manage to keep the discontentment and unresolved problems from spilling over into other areas of their relationship. still manage to use positive language, promotes closer level of intimacy
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nonregulated couples
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those who have a difficult time bouncing back from arguments and disputes because the way they handle the conflict only compounds the issues at hand
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4 ways in which nonregulated couples handle conflict
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criticism, defensiveness, contempt, stonewalling
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criticism
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almost always involves the word "you" you never, you always, you are so...almost always involves an attack on the other
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contempt
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characterized as disrespect, scorn, or all-out hatred for one another
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stonewalling
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takes place when communication completely shuts down. ignoring.
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destructive conflict
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can be either overt, or obvious conflict, or covert which is more subtle, but still hurtful. destructive conflict is unhelpful and at its very worst, deadly
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5 types of destructive conflict
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denial, disqualification, displacement, disengaged, pseudomutuality
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denial
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exhibited when a person's words don't align with his or her nonverbal behavior "nothing is wrong!!"
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disqualification
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occurs when a person attempts to cover up an expressed emotion "sorry i'm upset, its been a bad day"
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displacement
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refers to a situation in which someone takes out frustration on someone who isn't original object of anger
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disengaged
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little or no emotional closeness. act out their anger or hostility through their lack of interaction with one another
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pseudomutuality
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refers to pseudo (fake or false) mutuality (getting along). appear to be close with no indication that conflict exists, yet anger and hostility are always just beneath the surface
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gunnysacking
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destructive conflict. when a spouse or family member holds in resentment, hurt, anger, frustration, and bitter feelings until that "last straw" finally unloading all pent-up feelings in the midst of an argument
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functional communication
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type that addresses only the ins and outs of daily life
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nurturing communication
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translates into interactions that convey intimacy, caring, recognition, and validation of family members
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relational culture
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communication that takes place in intimate relationships
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confirming messages or responses
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validate those with whom we are communicating. characterized by recognition of the other person
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self-disclosure
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voluntarily sharing something personal or private with someone else. take risk that person receiving the message will accept what we are sharing. requires a high degree of trust
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