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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Central Dogma |
Flow of genetic information within a biological System from living thing to living thing |
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Chargaffs rules |
Concentration of bases adenine =thymine =cytosine |
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Messenger RNA (mRNA) |
Copies the genetic instruction from DNA in the nucleus and carries them to the cytoplasm |
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Ribosomal RNA |
Helps from ribosomes where proteins are Assembled |
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Transfer RNA |
Brings amino acids to ribosomea where they joined together to from proteins |
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Codon |
Letters are combined in groups of 3 to from code words |
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Genetic code |
Sequence of nitrogen bases -A C G T (or U) - in a Polynucleotide chain these are the instrucions from DNA
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Promoter code |
Is a region a DNA that initiates transcription of a particular gene |
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Protei synthesis |
Process in which cells make proteins |
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Transcription |
Frist part of central dogma of molecular biology DNA-> RNA |
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Translation |
SecondFpart of central dogma of molecular biology DNA-> protein |
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Chromosomal alteration |
Mutations that change chromosome structure |
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Frameshift mutation |
A type of genes mutation wherein the addition Or deletion of a numder of nucleotide(s) causes a shift in the reading frame of the codons in the mRNA |
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Genetic Disorder |
Disease caused by a muamtation in one or a few Genes |
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Mutagen |
Anythinh in the environment that can cause a mutation |
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Mutation |
Change in the sequence of basses in DNA OR RNA |
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mutation |
Change in the single nucleotide inDNA |
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Point mutation |
Change in the single nucleotide inDNA
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Somatic mutation |
Mutations may have littel effect on the organism because they are confined to jist one cell abd its daughter |
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Gene expression |
The converison of the info. From the gene into MRNA via trancription and then to protein via translation resulting in the phenotypic manifestation of the gene |
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Operator |
Is a segment of DNA to which a transcriptipn factor binds to regulate gene expression |
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Operon |
Region of DNA that consista of one or more genes that encode the proteins needed for a specific function |
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Regulatory protein |
Any protein that interacts with DNA sequences of a gene and control its transcrpion |